Head, Barclay V.: Historia numorum: a manual of Greek numismatics (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1887)

ETRURIA.

13

(3) Corcyrean (?) or Persic Standard reduced by one-half.

Sepia emerging from an amphora XX
Id. X
Sea-horse, around which dolphins A

Plain. (Per. di Num., 1. c., p. 6g.) .
-'P 35° grs.
Id. (Deecke,op.cit, Pl. I. 4.) JRi78grs.
Kerberos in linear square. (Brit. Mus.
ined.).JR 83 grs.

The unit for the coins of class (8) is a weight in silver of about 18 grs.
maximum, which may be considered as practically identical with the
Roman scripulum of i7'56 grs.
The reduction which took place between the issue of classes (y) and (8)
corresponds precisely with that which we have already remarked between
classes (a) and (/3), and is probably one and the same with it, and not
a subsequent reduction of the same amount.
Deecke (Etmskische Forscliungen, Heft II, 1876) argues that the four
classes above enumerated followed one another in chronological sequence,
thus:—
(y) B.C. 500-450. (a) B.C. 400-269.
(8) B.C. 450-400. (/3) B.C. 269-200.
This order I cannot bring myself to accept. Judging by style—in such
matters our surest criterion—I have no hesitation in affirming that some
of those of the Syracusan standard (a), all of which he would place after
B. c. 400, are distinctly earlier than some specimens of the Corcyrean or
Persic standard (y and 8), all of which he would make anterior to that date.
I am therefore compelled to fall back upon the hypothesis that the two
standards, Syracusan and Corcyrean, were for a long time simultaneously
in use in Etruria, although, probably, not in the same cities.

Bronze.
The bronze coins of Etruria are numerous.
The larger pieces belong to the class of aes grave, and are cast; the
smaller are struck, and are, for the most part, of later date. As a general
rule both cast and struck coins bear marks of value.
The following is a list of the types as arranged in approximate chrono-
logical order by Deecke (op. cit., Heft II. pp. 89 sqq.), to whose work
I must refer the student for the details of the weight, fabric, etc., of the

various specimens:—
Wheel.
Wheel.
Wheel.
Wheel.
Wheel.
Wheel.
Wheel.
Wheel.
Circle with Augur’s head.
Head of Janus.

Wheel with straight spokes.
Wheel with two straight and four curved
spokes.
Circle with three crescents (?)
Circle with bipennis.
Circle with krater.
Circle with amphora.
Circle with anchor (Vetluna).
”, ,(CM-
Circle with sacrificial instruments.
Marks of value. )
Club. (Velathri.)
Dolphin. )