The institutes of Vishnu (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1880)

LI, 46. PENANCES. T 5 -
the gods, if those dishes have not been announced
to the gods first; and (for eating) food destined for
burnt-oblations.
38. Also, for tasting the milk of any animal, save
the milk of cows, goats, and buffalos (and for tasting
any eatables made of such milk)* 1.
39. Also, (for tasting the milk) of those animals
(cows and the rest) within ten days after their giving
birth to a young one.
40. And (for tasting) the milk of a cow whose
milk flows of itself, of one that has just taken the
bull or of one whose calf is dead2.
41. And (for tasting the milk of a cow) that has
been feeding upon ordures.
42. And (for tasting) any such food as has turned
sour (but not that which is sour by nature, like sorrel),
except sour milk (and what is made with it).
43. A student, who partakes (unawares) of a
Araddha repast, must fast for three days.
44. And he must remain in water for a whole
day (afterwards).
45. If he eats honey or meat (at any time), he
must perform the Pra^apatya penance.
46. If any one eats (unawares) the leavings of the

38. 1Nand. infers from the use of the particle £a that the same
penance is ordained for tasting any other production of those
animals, as e.g. their excrements.
40. 1 Sandhini means ‘ a cow that has just taken the -bull,’ or
‘ a female animal that gives milk once a day,’ or ‘ a cow that is
milked by the calf of another cow.’ (Nand.) Haradatta (see Apast.
I, 5, 17, 23; Gaut. XVII, 25) interprets it by ‘an animal giving
milk while big with young.’ For other interpretations, see the
Petersburg Dictionary. —2 ‘ The particle ^a indicates that animals
bearing twins have also to be included in this prohibition.’ (Nand.)
See Gaut. loc. cit.