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54

NARADA.

I, 48.

sorts): what is acquired as a bribe, by gambling,
by bearing a message, through one afflicted with
pain, by forgery, by robbery, or by fraud.
48. It is in wealth that purchase, sale, gift, receipt,
transactions of every kind, and enjoyment, have
their source.
49. Of whatever description the property may be,
with which a man performs any transaction, of the
same description will the fruit be which he derives
from it in the next world and in this.
50. Wealth is again declared to be of twelve sorts,
according to the caste of the acquirer. Those modes
of acquisition, which are common to all castes, are
threefold. The others are said to be ninefold.
51. Property obtained by inheritance, gifts made
from love, and what has been obtained with a wife
(as her dowry), these are the three sorts of pure
wealth, for all (castes) without distinction.
52. The pure wealth peculiar to a Brahman is

pain,’ one pained by an attack of disease. ‘ Forging,’ falsification,
of gold, silver, or other metals. ‘ Robbery,’ such as theft. ‘ Fraud,’
deception. What has been acquired by one of these seven kinds
is called ‘ black wealth,’ i.e. wealth of the lowest kind. A.
48. From these three kinds of wealth, with their twenty-one
subdivisions, spring all the various kinds of transactions, and all
kinds of enjoyment. A.
49. The difference between this and the previous classification
of the divers modes of acquisition seems to lie in this, that the one
system of classification is solely based on the respective legitimacy
or illegitimacy of each mode of acquisition, whereas the diversity
of caste represents the principle of classification in the other
system. It should be borne in mind that an occupation, according
to Indian notions, may be perfectly lawful for one caste, though it
is unlawful for all others.
52-54. Manu I, 88-91, X, 74-80; Ya^navalkya II, 118-120;
Vishmi II, 4-14 ; Apastamba 1,1, 1, 5-6 ; Gautama X, 2, 7, 49, 56 ;
Vasish/^a II, 13-20; Baudhayana 1,18, 1-5.
 
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