DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.3236#0136
CHAP. XI.—THE SMALL ANTIQUITIES.
71
on the body of the vase there had been left
a red panel on which had been painted black
figures exactly in tbe manner of the Burgon
vase. They have also, in common with that
vase, a purple ridge or cord round the neck.
It has been argued, and is apparently accepted
in most quarters, that the amphora with red
panel was an Athenian invention.
On the neck of the Burgon vase is on the
front a Harpy, and on the back an owl, the
faces being in white and the wings aided with
purple. One of our fragments, pi. xxxi. 5,
represents the neck of such a vase with the
figure of a Harpy very much like that of the
Burgon vase, iu respect of colours, but the
drawing may be a little more archaic on our
fragment. Whatever is true, therefore, of the
Burgon vase as to date, will be at least nearly
true of these fragments. The Burgon1 vase can-
not be older than B.C. 566, when the Panathe-
naic games were instituted. Certainly there is
no older specimen of these prize vases known.
Some assign it to b.c. 550. It may be added
that a vase found in the tomb of Aristion was
of this description, and as the stele of Aris-
tion is generally placed in the first half of the
sixth century B.C., we may assume the same
period for the vases of this kind from Daphnse.
With reference to the upper part of an
amphora, which is sealed over the mouth, pi.
xxxvi. 5, it may be possible to trace to this cus-
tom of sealing, a shape of vase which is still a
source of some perplexity. It has been found
at Mycenae, Ialyssos,, in Egypt and elsewhere,
always of comparatively small dimensions,
having a neck, two handles and spout. But
the neck is useless for ordinary purposes,
because it is completely closed over the mouth.
It is, in fact, a false neck. The vase must be
both filled and emptied from the spout alone.
The shape of the vase has thus every appearance
of being a derived, and not a simple shape, in
J1 Pottier in Dumont and Chaplain, Ceramiques, pp. 315-
317.
which case it may have had its origin in observ-
ing these amphoraa sealed up over the mouth.
The name of pseudamphoras might therefore be
applied to vases of this form."
A. S. Murray.
CHAPTER XI.
THE SMALL ANTIQUITIES.
68. In describing the small antiquities it will be
best to notice first those few which there is good
reason to assign to the seventh century b.c. ;
next the general bulk of the remains, which are
of the sixth century; and lastly, the later
objects, found at Defenneh and elsewhere in the
neighbourhood, reaching down to Cufic times.
The earliest objects—after the foundation de-
posits, and some pottery—are probably the very
rude figures found in the buildings on the plain,
eastward of the Kasr (pi. xxiv. 1 to 4). These
are of a style which has been hitherto very un-
defined in age; and when I found several such
figures at Naukratis, it could not be decided
whether they were archaic—i.e. of the earliest
Greek times in Egypt, before the rise of better
work—or archaistic, and belonging to the de-
cadence of a barbaric relapse. Now such figures
being found at Defenneh, and in a site which, by
the pottery and other indications, is not even as
late as the sixth century, at once fixes them to
the archaic period ; and further, as we know that
nothing of Greek work here (unless, possibly, an
ancient object imported) can be earlier than
665 B.C., we at once gain a fixed age for this
class of figures. The horseman (fig. 1) was
picked up by chance, and the precise locality is
unknown; but its similarity to the stone idol
(fig. 3), and the complete absence of Greek
objects after the middle of the sixth century b.c,
warrants us in dating it to the seventh century.
This carries with it the age of a large class of
such figures picked up at Naukratis (Nauk.
xix. 5). The stone figure (3) is of the rudest
type possible, without limbs or features; were it
71
on the body of the vase there had been left
a red panel on which had been painted black
figures exactly in tbe manner of the Burgon
vase. They have also, in common with that
vase, a purple ridge or cord round the neck.
It has been argued, and is apparently accepted
in most quarters, that the amphora with red
panel was an Athenian invention.
On the neck of the Burgon vase is on the
front a Harpy, and on the back an owl, the
faces being in white and the wings aided with
purple. One of our fragments, pi. xxxi. 5,
represents the neck of such a vase with the
figure of a Harpy very much like that of the
Burgon vase, iu respect of colours, but the
drawing may be a little more archaic on our
fragment. Whatever is true, therefore, of the
Burgon vase as to date, will be at least nearly
true of these fragments. The Burgon1 vase can-
not be older than B.C. 566, when the Panathe-
naic games were instituted. Certainly there is
no older specimen of these prize vases known.
Some assign it to b.c. 550. It may be added
that a vase found in the tomb of Aristion was
of this description, and as the stele of Aris-
tion is generally placed in the first half of the
sixth century B.C., we may assume the same
period for the vases of this kind from Daphnse.
With reference to the upper part of an
amphora, which is sealed over the mouth, pi.
xxxvi. 5, it may be possible to trace to this cus-
tom of sealing, a shape of vase which is still a
source of some perplexity. It has been found
at Mycenae, Ialyssos,, in Egypt and elsewhere,
always of comparatively small dimensions,
having a neck, two handles and spout. But
the neck is useless for ordinary purposes,
because it is completely closed over the mouth.
It is, in fact, a false neck. The vase must be
both filled and emptied from the spout alone.
The shape of the vase has thus every appearance
of being a derived, and not a simple shape, in
J1 Pottier in Dumont and Chaplain, Ceramiques, pp. 315-
317.
which case it may have had its origin in observ-
ing these amphoraa sealed up over the mouth.
The name of pseudamphoras might therefore be
applied to vases of this form."
A. S. Murray.
CHAPTER XI.
THE SMALL ANTIQUITIES.
68. In describing the small antiquities it will be
best to notice first those few which there is good
reason to assign to the seventh century b.c. ;
next the general bulk of the remains, which are
of the sixth century; and lastly, the later
objects, found at Defenneh and elsewhere in the
neighbourhood, reaching down to Cufic times.
The earliest objects—after the foundation de-
posits, and some pottery—are probably the very
rude figures found in the buildings on the plain,
eastward of the Kasr (pi. xxiv. 1 to 4). These
are of a style which has been hitherto very un-
defined in age; and when I found several such
figures at Naukratis, it could not be decided
whether they were archaic—i.e. of the earliest
Greek times in Egypt, before the rise of better
work—or archaistic, and belonging to the de-
cadence of a barbaric relapse. Now such figures
being found at Defenneh, and in a site which, by
the pottery and other indications, is not even as
late as the sixth century, at once fixes them to
the archaic period ; and further, as we know that
nothing of Greek work here (unless, possibly, an
ancient object imported) can be earlier than
665 B.C., we at once gain a fixed age for this
class of figures. The horseman (fig. 1) was
picked up by chance, and the precise locality is
unknown; but its similarity to the stone idol
(fig. 3), and the complete absence of Greek
objects after the middle of the sixth century b.c,
warrants us in dating it to the seventh century.
This carries with it the age of a large class of
such figures picked up at Naukratis (Nauk.
xix. 5). The stone figure (3) is of the rudest
type possible, without limbs or features; were it