DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.3389#0028
20
OBJECTS FOUND IN THE CEMETERY
the north-east enclosure of graves is in pi. xviii, 6.
These graves were of brickwork, which in most cases
had been plastered over. No decoration of any kind
was found on the mummies, which were plainly
wrapped. The direction is twice as usual with head
to north as it is to the other points, which are about
equal. The shaded block south of the south wall is
of masonry.
CHAPTER VII
OBJECTS FOUND IN THE CEMETERY.
43. Besides the portraits and the mummies,
many other objects were found in the cemetery,
though these were not quite so important as those
found in 1888; the earlier excavations were much in
chambers above the actual graves, while the later
were more in the graves. We here follow the order
of the plates.
PI. xiv. To the north-east of the pyramid a burial
of a girl lay with the head to the east. The
mummy was in rhombic bandaging with gilt buttons,
a gilt face and yellow-painted bust, and a foot-case.
Over this mummy lay a cloth, and on the cloth lay
the toys of the girl. At the head was a wooden
tablet with tenon handle at one edge, 346 inches wide
at top, 3'42 at base, the sides 54.1 and 5*43 long. (If
this be made by measure it would, if 3*45 and 5*41,
be 7 and 11 units of a sixth of the palm of a cubit
of 2C67 inches). On one side of the tablet is a
painting of a woman seated with legs apart; on the
other is a draped man on a chair with high back,
holding a pair of shears, and with a cupboard in the
wall behind him, apparently containing rows of rolls.
This suggests a tailor of literary tastes. Above this
lay a small wooden box without the lid. The box
measured 3'26 and 3^24 by 2*13 and 210. Two
glass bottles lay on the head, two long-necked on the
chest, and a small one (second in the row) with the
cut-glass bottle upon the thigh. The cut-glass bottle
of globular form is shown in the middle of the group ;
it is finely worked with a wreath round the neck,
another on the shoulder, fluting down the sides, and
a cruciform flower on the base shown separately in
front of the lion. The lid of the wooden box lay on
the neck ; the limestone lion on the waist (4'5 long);
the blue-glazed Horus on the knees; with a little
ivory box without a lid by the lion. The rarest
objects here were two mirrors, made of tinned copper,
fitting in wooden cases with lids. The one on the
neck was convex, case 270 across ; that below the
lion was concave, case 2-45 across. This whole group
is in the Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh.
44. PL xv. At the north limit of this year's work
a jar was found in a surface chamber. In the
chamber were lying : 1, a glass ball; 3, a copper coin
of Theodosius ; 2, 4, 5, three pottery lamps ; and 6, 7,
two fine altars of pottery. The lamps might be put
to the 1st or 2nd century, and the coin of Theodosius
seems as if dropped there later. In the jar, and
therefore certainly of one age, were 8, a lead dipper
with long bronze handle ; 9, 10, two very thin glass
cups ; 11, an iron knife ; 12-15, pottery lamps.
To the north-east of the pyramid, a group of
coloured pottery figures was found in a surface
chamber. The mask 16 and bull 17 were only white
and black ; but the three different figures of Horus,
18, 1 g, 20, were fully coloured, as also the Atys 21,
and bouquet wand 22. The limbs of the Atys and
the bouquet are of plaster. (Munich.)
45. PI. xvi. Another group found near this is
shown in figs. 1-9. Three examples were found in
different places of a stick with a lump of rag tied on
the end, and stiff as if glued together, fig. 1. This
may be ceremonial, or merely a washing-mop, hardly
for whitewashing, as there is no colouring material.
Figs. 2, 3 are little baskets of cast lead, with cast-
lead handles fitted in. 4 is a rod of glass twisted
with white thread in it. 5 is a curious glass bottle
with long neck and bilobed body. 6 is a string
sandal. 7 and 8 are pottery hutches in which to
burn a minute lamp, so as to screen it from wind.
Fig. 9 is a pottery stand. (Univ. Coll.)
Fig. 10 is a large lamp handle of moulded pottery.
It represents Dionysos, and perhaps Thanatos draw-i^y
ing him away, and holding a reversed torch which
balances with the thyrsos of Dionysos. The emblems
of the god are all around, the mask, cymbals, leopard,
pan-pipes, lituus and cantharos. (Manchester.) Fig.
11 is a pottery Horus, in an Indian attitude, with a
basket at the side surmounted by another figure of
Horus.
Fig. 12 is half of a sundial of limestone ; the
drawing of the upper surface is given in pi. xxiii. It
was a concave dial, approximately spherical, and had
a short gnomon 242 inches long, placed parallel to
the upper slope, from the apex at the left hand; the
mortise hole for fixing a stem from the gnomon is
visible there. The stone had been much weathered
after being separated from the other half, as is seen
on the joint surface facing in the photograph. The
OBJECTS FOUND IN THE CEMETERY
the north-east enclosure of graves is in pi. xviii, 6.
These graves were of brickwork, which in most cases
had been plastered over. No decoration of any kind
was found on the mummies, which were plainly
wrapped. The direction is twice as usual with head
to north as it is to the other points, which are about
equal. The shaded block south of the south wall is
of masonry.
CHAPTER VII
OBJECTS FOUND IN THE CEMETERY.
43. Besides the portraits and the mummies,
many other objects were found in the cemetery,
though these were not quite so important as those
found in 1888; the earlier excavations were much in
chambers above the actual graves, while the later
were more in the graves. We here follow the order
of the plates.
PI. xiv. To the north-east of the pyramid a burial
of a girl lay with the head to the east. The
mummy was in rhombic bandaging with gilt buttons,
a gilt face and yellow-painted bust, and a foot-case.
Over this mummy lay a cloth, and on the cloth lay
the toys of the girl. At the head was a wooden
tablet with tenon handle at one edge, 346 inches wide
at top, 3'42 at base, the sides 54.1 and 5*43 long. (If
this be made by measure it would, if 3*45 and 5*41,
be 7 and 11 units of a sixth of the palm of a cubit
of 2C67 inches). On one side of the tablet is a
painting of a woman seated with legs apart; on the
other is a draped man on a chair with high back,
holding a pair of shears, and with a cupboard in the
wall behind him, apparently containing rows of rolls.
This suggests a tailor of literary tastes. Above this
lay a small wooden box without the lid. The box
measured 3'26 and 3^24 by 2*13 and 210. Two
glass bottles lay on the head, two long-necked on the
chest, and a small one (second in the row) with the
cut-glass bottle upon the thigh. The cut-glass bottle
of globular form is shown in the middle of the group ;
it is finely worked with a wreath round the neck,
another on the shoulder, fluting down the sides, and
a cruciform flower on the base shown separately in
front of the lion. The lid of the wooden box lay on
the neck ; the limestone lion on the waist (4'5 long);
the blue-glazed Horus on the knees; with a little
ivory box without a lid by the lion. The rarest
objects here were two mirrors, made of tinned copper,
fitting in wooden cases with lids. The one on the
neck was convex, case 270 across ; that below the
lion was concave, case 2-45 across. This whole group
is in the Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh.
44. PL xv. At the north limit of this year's work
a jar was found in a surface chamber. In the
chamber were lying : 1, a glass ball; 3, a copper coin
of Theodosius ; 2, 4, 5, three pottery lamps ; and 6, 7,
two fine altars of pottery. The lamps might be put
to the 1st or 2nd century, and the coin of Theodosius
seems as if dropped there later. In the jar, and
therefore certainly of one age, were 8, a lead dipper
with long bronze handle ; 9, 10, two very thin glass
cups ; 11, an iron knife ; 12-15, pottery lamps.
To the north-east of the pyramid, a group of
coloured pottery figures was found in a surface
chamber. The mask 16 and bull 17 were only white
and black ; but the three different figures of Horus,
18, 1 g, 20, were fully coloured, as also the Atys 21,
and bouquet wand 22. The limbs of the Atys and
the bouquet are of plaster. (Munich.)
45. PI. xvi. Another group found near this is
shown in figs. 1-9. Three examples were found in
different places of a stick with a lump of rag tied on
the end, and stiff as if glued together, fig. 1. This
may be ceremonial, or merely a washing-mop, hardly
for whitewashing, as there is no colouring material.
Figs. 2, 3 are little baskets of cast lead, with cast-
lead handles fitted in. 4 is a rod of glass twisted
with white thread in it. 5 is a curious glass bottle
with long neck and bilobed body. 6 is a string
sandal. 7 and 8 are pottery hutches in which to
burn a minute lamp, so as to screen it from wind.
Fig. 9 is a pottery stand. (Univ. Coll.)
Fig. 10 is a large lamp handle of moulded pottery.
It represents Dionysos, and perhaps Thanatos draw-i^y
ing him away, and holding a reversed torch which
balances with the thyrsos of Dionysos. The emblems
of the god are all around, the mask, cymbals, leopard,
pan-pipes, lituus and cantharos. (Manchester.) Fig.
11 is a pottery Horus, in an Indian attitude, with a
basket at the side surmounted by another figure of
Horus.
Fig. 12 is half of a sundial of limestone ; the
drawing of the upper surface is given in pi. xxiii. It
was a concave dial, approximately spherical, and had
a short gnomon 242 inches long, placed parallel to
the upper slope, from the apex at the left hand; the
mortise hole for fixing a stem from the gnomon is
visible there. The stone had been much weathered
after being separated from the other half, as is seen
on the joint surface facing in the photograph. The