DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.28687#0017
THE TOMBS OF THE NINTH AND TENTH DYNASTIES
5
xiv, 3, of Ra-mery-ha-shetef. Probably of this time
is xiii, 10 from tomb 63o (U. C.), with ribbing- in
relief up the stem and under the top. For dated
examples see Deshasheh, xxxiv. Head-rests that are
not of fixed date are xiii, i = xiv, 11 (vi ?); xiii, 2
(vi ?); xiii, 8; xiii, g = xv, 19 (xviii?); xiv, 12 (v?);
xiv, 14 (ix?); xiv, 16 (ix?); xv, 17 (ix?); xv, 18
to 24 (xviii?). Those that are dated to the IXth
dynasty, by the pottery, are xiv, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
10, 13, 15.
CHAPTER III
THE TOMBS OF THE NINTH AND TENTH
DYNASTIES.
9. The cemetery of Sedment and Mayana is
remarkable for containing nothing of the very
familiar types of the Xllth dynasty. This absence
of well-known material, which is so abundant
elsewhere, shows that none of the obscure and
new material can be placed to that age. Nor is
there more than one grave in a hundred that
contains types belonging to the Xlth dynasty
(see Qurneh) overlapping the Xth dynasty. The
later limit is therefore the IXth dynasty and
somewhat into the Xth. At the beginning of the
common types, there is some linking with the late
Vlth dynasty, as in tomb 415. Yet not a single
button badge was found here; this decoration
began in the Vlth dynasty, and was usual under
the Vllth and VIHth Syrian dynasties. Thus we
are limited to placing the bulk of this pottery to
the IXth dynasty, with a scanty introduction from
the Vlth dynasty, and a slight continuance in the
Xth dynasty. The relative dating of the types is
dealt with further, in treating of the pottery; the
sequence dating for this age is 1 for the Vlth
dynasty types, 2—4 for the IXth, 5 and 6 for the Xth
dynasty continuing into Xlth types. The grouping
is stated in the register sheets pis. xxxvi—ix, and
the sequence date of each tomb is prefixed to it;
here, therefore, we are free to follow the description
of different classes of objects.
10. The bodies were—with scarcely an exception
■—laid full length, with the head to the north, and
face to the east. This is the reverse of the pre-
historic position, and the change took place during
the first dynasty (Tarkhan II, 21). The coffins,
where used, were long boxes, with parallel sides,
and no decoration, except sometimes eyes painted
on the east side, toward the north end, that is,
opposite the face, for the dead to see out. (Helio-
polis, p. 28). A few coffins had a band of inscription
around the top, outside, pis. xxvii—viii; only two
or three were painted with inscriptions and objects
inside, pis. xviii—xxv. The coffins copied here,
pis. xviii—xxviii, are of An-onkh, in hieratic,
tomb 1599; Ha-ur-em-sekhtu, tomb 421; Neit-nebt
and Henty. That of 421 is a burial important for
dating. In a plain shaft without a chamber, a well-
made dovetailed coffin was found, earlier than the
Xllth dynasty. Beneath it was the coffin of Ha-ur-
em-sekhtu, open and plundered, with the head-rest,
xiv, 4. The cartonnage mask in that was much
damaged, pi. xiii, 15; but was drawn restored, as in
pi. xvi. It is of earlier style than any other mask
found here, as the lines of beads are drawn, and
are not uniformly coloured bands as in the other
instances. With this first burial was the jasper
scarab with a lies vase, lvii, 7 (U. C.). The pottery,
91 t, indicates period 3 for the second burial, or
early in the IXth dynasty, and with this the other
evidence well agrees.
11. The earliest coffin is that of Uazet-hetep, of
period 2, perhaps in the Vllth or VIHth dynasty.
The inscription, pi. xxiii, is painted in green upon
the bare wood. The detail of the burial is stated
in sect. 22, and the coffins are now at Upsala.
Two other inscribed coffins were those of Nekht-
kaua, see pis. xxiv, xxivA, xxv. The outer coffin
has a good figure of the mirror, on a stand with
the eye upon it. The bows are distinctly marked as
being compound, of two different materials along
the whole length, on both inner and outer coffins.
The yellow (spotted) material, which would be in
compression, is the same as the arrow shafts, and
therefore of wood. The red outer side of the bows,
and the arrow tips, might be of horn. The names
of the objects are carefully placed over them on
the outer coffin, but have been shifted along, out of
position, on the inner coffin. The burial is described
in sect. 25.
The coffin of Khenty-khety was so eaten out
by white ants that it was impossible to remove it,
and Mrs. Brunton made a careful copy, full size, of
the painting and inscription (pis. xviii, xix, xixA).
The arrangement of it is like that of Nekht-kaua,
but it has been divided, here, in order to place
the coloured work together, so as to present it on
a larger scale than the inscriptions, for the sake
of the detail. The mirror stand again has an eye,
but with the uzat line below. The large carnelian
name-bead, worn on the throat, is well shown here.
5
xiv, 3, of Ra-mery-ha-shetef. Probably of this time
is xiii, 10 from tomb 63o (U. C.), with ribbing- in
relief up the stem and under the top. For dated
examples see Deshasheh, xxxiv. Head-rests that are
not of fixed date are xiii, i = xiv, 11 (vi ?); xiii, 2
(vi ?); xiii, 8; xiii, g = xv, 19 (xviii?); xiv, 12 (v?);
xiv, 14 (ix?); xiv, 16 (ix?); xv, 17 (ix?); xv, 18
to 24 (xviii?). Those that are dated to the IXth
dynasty, by the pottery, are xiv, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
10, 13, 15.
CHAPTER III
THE TOMBS OF THE NINTH AND TENTH
DYNASTIES.
9. The cemetery of Sedment and Mayana is
remarkable for containing nothing of the very
familiar types of the Xllth dynasty. This absence
of well-known material, which is so abundant
elsewhere, shows that none of the obscure and
new material can be placed to that age. Nor is
there more than one grave in a hundred that
contains types belonging to the Xlth dynasty
(see Qurneh) overlapping the Xth dynasty. The
later limit is therefore the IXth dynasty and
somewhat into the Xth. At the beginning of the
common types, there is some linking with the late
Vlth dynasty, as in tomb 415. Yet not a single
button badge was found here; this decoration
began in the Vlth dynasty, and was usual under
the Vllth and VIHth Syrian dynasties. Thus we
are limited to placing the bulk of this pottery to
the IXth dynasty, with a scanty introduction from
the Vlth dynasty, and a slight continuance in the
Xth dynasty. The relative dating of the types is
dealt with further, in treating of the pottery; the
sequence dating for this age is 1 for the Vlth
dynasty types, 2—4 for the IXth, 5 and 6 for the Xth
dynasty continuing into Xlth types. The grouping
is stated in the register sheets pis. xxxvi—ix, and
the sequence date of each tomb is prefixed to it;
here, therefore, we are free to follow the description
of different classes of objects.
10. The bodies were—with scarcely an exception
■—laid full length, with the head to the north, and
face to the east. This is the reverse of the pre-
historic position, and the change took place during
the first dynasty (Tarkhan II, 21). The coffins,
where used, were long boxes, with parallel sides,
and no decoration, except sometimes eyes painted
on the east side, toward the north end, that is,
opposite the face, for the dead to see out. (Helio-
polis, p. 28). A few coffins had a band of inscription
around the top, outside, pis. xxvii—viii; only two
or three were painted with inscriptions and objects
inside, pis. xviii—xxv. The coffins copied here,
pis. xviii—xxviii, are of An-onkh, in hieratic,
tomb 1599; Ha-ur-em-sekhtu, tomb 421; Neit-nebt
and Henty. That of 421 is a burial important for
dating. In a plain shaft without a chamber, a well-
made dovetailed coffin was found, earlier than the
Xllth dynasty. Beneath it was the coffin of Ha-ur-
em-sekhtu, open and plundered, with the head-rest,
xiv, 4. The cartonnage mask in that was much
damaged, pi. xiii, 15; but was drawn restored, as in
pi. xvi. It is of earlier style than any other mask
found here, as the lines of beads are drawn, and
are not uniformly coloured bands as in the other
instances. With this first burial was the jasper
scarab with a lies vase, lvii, 7 (U. C.). The pottery,
91 t, indicates period 3 for the second burial, or
early in the IXth dynasty, and with this the other
evidence well agrees.
11. The earliest coffin is that of Uazet-hetep, of
period 2, perhaps in the Vllth or VIHth dynasty.
The inscription, pi. xxiii, is painted in green upon
the bare wood. The detail of the burial is stated
in sect. 22, and the coffins are now at Upsala.
Two other inscribed coffins were those of Nekht-
kaua, see pis. xxiv, xxivA, xxv. The outer coffin
has a good figure of the mirror, on a stand with
the eye upon it. The bows are distinctly marked as
being compound, of two different materials along
the whole length, on both inner and outer coffins.
The yellow (spotted) material, which would be in
compression, is the same as the arrow shafts, and
therefore of wood. The red outer side of the bows,
and the arrow tips, might be of horn. The names
of the objects are carefully placed over them on
the outer coffin, but have been shifted along, out of
position, on the inner coffin. The burial is described
in sect. 25.
The coffin of Khenty-khety was so eaten out
by white ants that it was impossible to remove it,
and Mrs. Brunton made a careful copy, full size, of
the painting and inscription (pis. xviii, xix, xixA).
The arrangement of it is like that of Nekht-kaua,
but it has been divided, here, in order to place
the coloured work together, so as to present it on
a larger scale than the inscriptions, for the sake
of the detail. The mirror stand again has an eye,
but with the uzat line below. The large carnelian
name-bead, worn on the throat, is well shown here.