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https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.4679#0131
9. THE GOD AS RULER AND HEALER. 105
It is remarkable that, though prophets and physicians formed part
of every priestly establishment in Asia Minor, yet we have no proof
that the prophets developed their religion in the way that the early
prophets of Apollo developed the Greek religion, introducing moralized
ideas and adapting the old religion to be the divine guide of a higher
system of society. It is however clear that, if we have rightly
described the character of their religion, they had given it a philo-
sophic and highly elaborated system. But it lies far beyond the
limits of the Hierapolitan hieroti to enter on this wider subject.
Only after collecting all the scattered evidence bearing on each centre
of Anatolian religion can we face such a large question.
§ 10. Teade-Guilds. As to the municipal divisions of the city,
whether into tribes, or otherwise, no distinct evidence exists. But
in CIG 3924 the ' trade-guild of dyers' (epyaaia to>v (3a<f>ea>v) is
mentioned \ and in no. 26 the ' trade-guild of wool-washers.' In some
cities of Asia Minor such trade-guilds are often mentioned, while
tribes are never alluded to, e. g. Thyateira, Philadelpheia, Smyrna,
Apameia, Akmonia2. It is probable that in these cities there was
no division into tribes, but only into trade-guilds ; at least, it seems
highly probable that the division into tribes was an institution of the
Greek period, and that the only pre-Greek classification of citizens
was according to trades. In cities where both classifications occur,
we may understand that a Greek foundation introduced the tribes,
and the older stratum of population retained the guilds. As there is
no evidence known of a Greek foundation in Hierapolis, we should
und Hekate') is one that I cannot sym- numerous epya (a term apparently equi-
pathize with (see his paper iirnos Pporo- valent to the more usual ipyauLai), which
irovs in Berichte Verhandl. Leipzig 1891 are enumerated by M. Clerc de rebus
p. 96 f). I grant that different history, Thi/at. p. 92, aproKowoi, Kc.pap.els, p^aX/car,
tribes, and places, had given a certain xc^KOT*mol> fivpo-els, o-nvroTopoi, \avcipiai,
degree of individual character to Men \ivovpyoi, lixarf.v6p.evoi. (makers of gar-
and to Sabazios ; but I believe that it ments, see Ch. II § 4), fiacpeh. But such
was their fundamental similarity of guilds existed in cities where tribes
character that led them to pass into are known (Laodiceia no. 8, Ephesos
one another as they do. Roscher may crwepyacria \avapia>i> Wood gr. th. 4
collect examples of Men ; but for almost ol iv 'E$eVw ipy&ru irpoTrvXelrai CIG
every attribute and type it would be 3208); and it is quite possible that
easy to find an exact analogue in the tribes may yet be found in the cities
case of Sabazios. mentioned in the text. Menadier Eplies.
1 Compare CIG 3912 a, Wadd. 741, p. 28 gives a list of the trade-guilds that
where Papias son of Papias and grand- are known. See also a paper on the
son of Straton dedicates a statue of Street-porters of Smijrna in Amer. Journ.
Herakles nj owepyao-ia. Arch. 1885.
2 Thyateira is best known: here
It is remarkable that, though prophets and physicians formed part
of every priestly establishment in Asia Minor, yet we have no proof
that the prophets developed their religion in the way that the early
prophets of Apollo developed the Greek religion, introducing moralized
ideas and adapting the old religion to be the divine guide of a higher
system of society. It is however clear that, if we have rightly
described the character of their religion, they had given it a philo-
sophic and highly elaborated system. But it lies far beyond the
limits of the Hierapolitan hieroti to enter on this wider subject.
Only after collecting all the scattered evidence bearing on each centre
of Anatolian religion can we face such a large question.
§ 10. Teade-Guilds. As to the municipal divisions of the city,
whether into tribes, or otherwise, no distinct evidence exists. But
in CIG 3924 the ' trade-guild of dyers' (epyaaia to>v (3a<f>ea>v) is
mentioned \ and in no. 26 the ' trade-guild of wool-washers.' In some
cities of Asia Minor such trade-guilds are often mentioned, while
tribes are never alluded to, e. g. Thyateira, Philadelpheia, Smyrna,
Apameia, Akmonia2. It is probable that in these cities there was
no division into tribes, but only into trade-guilds ; at least, it seems
highly probable that the division into tribes was an institution of the
Greek period, and that the only pre-Greek classification of citizens
was according to trades. In cities where both classifications occur,
we may understand that a Greek foundation introduced the tribes,
and the older stratum of population retained the guilds. As there is
no evidence known of a Greek foundation in Hierapolis, we should
und Hekate') is one that I cannot sym- numerous epya (a term apparently equi-
pathize with (see his paper iirnos Pporo- valent to the more usual ipyauLai), which
irovs in Berichte Verhandl. Leipzig 1891 are enumerated by M. Clerc de rebus
p. 96 f). I grant that different history, Thi/at. p. 92, aproKowoi, Kc.pap.els, p^aX/car,
tribes, and places, had given a certain xc^KOT*mol> fivpo-els, o-nvroTopoi, \avcipiai,
degree of individual character to Men \ivovpyoi, lixarf.v6p.evoi. (makers of gar-
and to Sabazios ; but I believe that it ments, see Ch. II § 4), fiacpeh. But such
was their fundamental similarity of guilds existed in cities where tribes
character that led them to pass into are known (Laodiceia no. 8, Ephesos
one another as they do. Roscher may crwepyacria \avapia>i> Wood gr. th. 4
collect examples of Men ; but for almost ol iv 'E$eVw ipy&ru irpoTrvXelrai CIG
every attribute and type it would be 3208); and it is quite possible that
easy to find an exact analogue in the tribes may yet be found in the cities
case of Sabazios. mentioned in the text. Menadier Eplies.
1 Compare CIG 3912 a, Wadd. 741, p. 28 gives a list of the trade-guilds that
where Papias son of Papias and grand- are known. See also a paper on the
son of Straton dedicates a statue of Street-porters of Smijrna in Amer. Journ.
Herakles nj owepyao-ia. Arch. 1885.
2 Thyateira is best known: here