Ramsay, William Mitchell: The cities and bishoprics of Phrygia: being an essay of the local history of Phrygia from the earliest time to the Turkish conquest (Band 1,2): West and West-Central Phrygia (Oxford, 1897)

3. HIEROPOLIS OR HIERAPOLIS. 683

instance. We might expect, and we actually find, no 656, that the
common form was used by the common man ; but that does not prove
that a leader like Avircius Marcellus nmst necessarily do the same.
In his epitaph metre and the MSS. agree that he used the form Hiera-
polis; and it is mere a priori assumption of the most uncritical kind
to alter the form conjecturally.

A place in the agora of Hieropolis was named Phrougis \ a word
which is perhaps connected with the personal name Phrougios, no. 446,
though the alternative form Phragellion does not suit the connexion.
The name, which occurs only in the legendary Acta of St. Abercius,
Ch. XVII § 2, may be accepted as real.

§ 4. Brouzos is fixed at Kara-Sandykli, beside which there are
manifest traces of an ancient city, by inscr. 634, on a marble pedestal
standing in an open space outside the mosque. The remains of the
city still in situ were too much dilapidated, when we visited the place
in 188i, to give any indication of the character of the city2. The
most conspicuous monument of Brouzos is the doorway of a Greek
temple, which has been utilized for the outer gateway of the mosque :
it may perhaps be referred to the period of Augustus. It appeared
to us to be actually in its original position, in which case the mosque
would have replaced the old temple, and might be expected to contain
some of its stones ; but it is certain that the walls of the temple have
been entirely destroyed down to the level of the soil. The accompany-
ing illustrations are by Mr. A. C. Blunt, who travelled with us in
1881 ; but this fine doorway, in almost perfect preservation, would
have been worthy of being drawn in a more complete form.

An interesting piece of Chr. ornamental work is given under
no. 662, and an example of the ' door' form of tombstone, drawn by
Mr. A. C. Blunt, under no. 635.

Cavedoni pointed out that the name appears on coins sometimes
as BPOYIHNHN 3, and inferred that colonists from Brousis, a district
of Macedonia, had been settled there by the Greek kings. The single
coin mentioned by Cavedoni seems not yet to be acknowledged by
the numismatists4; and this weakens the force of the argument, which

1 JHS 1882 p. 349. 3 Annali 1861 p. 149. Variation be-

2 Des fragments de construction encore tween Z and Z in spelling is found
en place s'elevent du sol: les ligncs de elsewhere: Zmyrna and Smyrna.
murs peuvent fore suivies par endroits, et i Both Mr. Head and M. Imhoof-
une colline basse voisine de ces vestiges est Blumer doubt it: the coins often have
couverte des traces que la vie antique laisse X, and this, blurred, is readily mistaken
apres elle BCH 1882 p. 504. for Z.