Reisner, George Andrew: The development of the Egyptian tomb down to the accession of Cheops (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Pr. [u.a.], 1936)

CONTENTS

XIX

PAGE
Origin of the shaft type (type VI) . . . . . . . . . 169
The eleven small mastabas at Saqqarah with substructure of type VI . . . . . 170
5. UPPER EGYPTIAN TOMBS OF DYNASTY III, TYPE IV .... . 172-183
Gravel-cut of type IV A and IV B, with c.b. mastabas . . . . . . . 172
a. Large Tombs with more than One Room, Type IV A (1) in Dynasty III .... 172
Description of tombs:
3-i. Bet Khallaf, K 1: time of Zoser. Ill. No. 79 . . . . . . . 172
3~ii- ,, K 2: time of Sa-nekht. Ill. No. 80 ..... 174
3—iii. ,, K 5: time of Zoser. Ill. No. 81 ...... 176
3-iv. ,, K 3: time of Zoser. Ill. No. 82 ...... 177
3-v. ,, K 4: time of Zoser. Ill. No. 83 ...... 178
3~vi. Reqaqnah, R 1. Ill. No. 84 . . . . . . . . - 179
3—vii. „ R 40. Ill. No. 85 . . . . . . • ■ ■ 180
3—viii. Naga-ed-Der, N 573+587: twin mastaba. Ill. No. 86 . .... 181
3-ix. „ N 689 ......... 181
3-x. „ N 688 . . . . . . . . • • 182
b. Tombs with One Room, Type IV A (2) . . . . . . ■ • • 182
3-xi. Naga-ed-Der, N 574 ......... 182
3—xii. ,, N 599. Ill. No. 87 ...... . 182
c. Tombs of Stairway + Shaft Approach; Type IV B (2) and Stepped Shaft Tombs of Type IV C . . 183
3—xiii. Naga-ed-Der, N 585 ......... 183
3-xiv to 3-xviii. N 586, N 337, N 518, N 3115, N 593 ...... 183
3-xix. Naga-ed-Der, N 530; stepped shaft; type IV C. ..... 183
d. Other Stairway Tombs, not fully described in the publications ..... 183
At Ballas, El-Kab, Tarkhan ......... 183
6. SUMMARY OF TOMB DEVELOPMENT DURING DYNASTY III . . . . . 184-189
Prevalence of two-niche superstructure; introduction of protected chapel . . . . . 184
Substructure, type IV B in Lower Egypt, type IV A in Upper Egypt; introduction of shaft type . . 184
Review of use of stone in substructures, Dyn. I—III ...... 184
Review of development of approach to burial chamber . . . . . . • 185
Comparative Table. Sizes of tombs of Dyn. Ill, showing type of substructure, length of stairway, floor
areas, type of mastabas, dimensions, proportions, area, and relation .... 186

VII. SECONDARY LINE OF DEVELOPMENT: SMALL GRAVES OF DYNASTIES

II-III
Range in time of small brick-lined pit with wooden roof (type i a and type i b)
1. SMALL CORBEL-ROOFED TOMBS WITH ENTRANCE, TYPE iii .
Imitation of type III, used only in Upper Egypt in Dyn. II
Description of small tombs of type iii:
2-1. Naga-ed-Der, N 1612. Ill. No. 88 .
2-2. ,, N 1613 .....
2-3. ,, N 1614 .....
2-4. ,, N1562 .....
2-5. ,, N 1619 .....
2-6. ,, N 1648 .....
2-7- „ N 1633 .....
2-8. „ N 1622 .....
2-9. ,, N 1630 .....
2-10. ,, N 3012 .....
2-11. ,, N 3022 .....
2-12. ,, N 3014. Ill. No. 89 .
2-13. „ N4598 .....
2-14. ,, N 4990 .....
Other tombs at El-Amrah .....
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