Smith, John: A catalogue raisonné of the works of the most eminent Dutch, Flemish, and French painters: in which is included a short biographical notice of the artists, with a copious description of their principal pictures : a statement of the prices at which such pictures have been sold at public sales on the continent and in England; a reference the the galleries and private collections in which a large portion are at present; and the names of the artists by whom they have been engraved; to which is added, a brief notice of the scholars & imitators of the great masters of the above schools (Part 8) (London: Smith and Son, 1837)

xlii THE LIFE OF
“ their works. I understand by the term ‘ mode,’ the
“ principle, the proportion, or the means which I
“ employ in all I do, and by which I feel compelled
“ to keep within certain limits, avoiding in every way
“ extremes, and constantly keeping in view a deter-
“ mined moderation, and an order, by which I establish
“ the appearance of a real existence, to the work in
“ which I am engaged.”
“ As mode with the ancients was composed of
“ several things, it follows that the variety and differ-
“ ence observable in their compositions, gave birth to
“ many sorts of modes, each of which being formed
“ of divers parts combined with due proportion, there
“ results from them a secret power to excite in the
“ soul various passions or emotions. The ancients
“ also attributed to each of the several kind of modes,
“ a peculiar quality, accordingly as they disclosed
“ the nature of the essect which they were capable
“ of producing. For instance, the mode which they
“ denominated Dorian, expressed feelings of a grave
“ and serious nature; the Phrygian, passions of a
“ violent or vehement kind. The Lydian, denoted
“ those of a soft, pleasant, and agreeable character;
“ and the Ionic accorded with Bacchanals, Feasts, and
“ Dances. By these rules, ancient painters, poets,
“ and musicians were governed. The same principles
“ ought to be observed in all works of art, in which,
“ according to the different subjects represented, an
“ attempt is made to give to the countenances of the
“ several individuals, an expression of the passions