Smith, William: A smaller dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities (London, 1871)

ARMARIUM.

42

ARRIIEPHORIA.

(TreATaaraO, also formed a part of the Greek
army, though we do not hear of them in
early times. Instead of the large round
shield, they carried a smaller one called the
pclte (7re'AT7)), and in other respects their ar-
mour, though heavier and more effective than
that of the psili, was much lighter than that
of the hoplites. The weapon on which they
principally depended was the spear. The
Roman legions consisted, as the Greek in-
fantry for the most part did, of heavy and
light-armed troops (gravis et levis armatura).
The preceding figure represents two heavy-
armed Roman soldiers. All the essential parts
of the Roman heavy armour (lorica, ensis,
ctipoits, galea, hasta) are mentioned together,
except the spear, in a well-known passage of
St. Paul [_Eph. vi. 17).

ARMARIUM, originally a place for keep-
ing arms, afterwards a cupboard, in which ,

Armillae, Bracelet*,. [ MuaeO Burbtmicu, vca. it. tav. M ;
vol. vii. tav. 46.)

ARMILUSTRIUM, a Roman festival for |
the purification of arms. It was celebrated
every year on the 19th of October, when the
citizens assembled in arms, and offered sacri-
fices in the place called Armilustrum, or
Vicus Armilustri.

ARRA, ARRABO, or ARRIIA, ARRHABO,
was the thing which purchasers and vendors i
gave to one another, whether it was a sum |
of money or anything else, as an evidence of j
the contract being made : it was no essential
part of the contract of buying and selling,
but only evidence of agreement as to price.
The term arrha, in its general sense of an
evidence of agreement, was also used on
other occasions, as in the case of betrothment
(sponsalia). Sometimes the word arrha is
used as synonymous with pignus, but this is
uot the legal meaning of the term.

were kept not only arms, but also clothes,
books, money, and other articles of value.
The armarium was generally placed in the
atrium of the house.

ARMILLA (i/zdAtof, i/zeAio!/, or tyeXhiov,
xAi.6W, dp.rpio'ed), a bracelet or armlet, worn
both by men and women. It was a fa-
vourite ornament of the Medes and Persians.
Bracelets do not appear to have been worn
among the Greeks by the male sex, but Greek
ladies had bracelets of various materials,
shapes, and styles of ornament. They fre-
quently exhibited the form of snakes, and
were in such cases called snakes (drpeic) by
the Athenians. According to their length,
they went once, twice, or thrice round the
arm, or even a greater number of times.
The Roman generals frequently bestowed ar-
millae upon soldiers for deeds of extraordinary
merit.

Armilla, Bracelet. (On Statue uf Sleeping
Ariadne in Vatican.)

ARRIIKPHORIA (dppr/rpdpia), a festival
celebrated at Athens in honour of Athena
(Minerva). Four girls, of between seven
and eleven years (apptjoidpoi, eperneidpoi, eppr/-
<pdpoi), were selected every year by the king
archon from the most distinguished families,
iwo of whom superintended the weaving of
the sacred peplus of Athena ; the two others
had to carry the mysterious and sacred ves-
sels of the goddess. These latter remained a
whole year on the Acropolis ; and when the
festival commenced, the priestess of the god-
dess placed vessels upon their heads, the con-
tents of which were neither known to them
nor to the priestess. With these they de-
scended to a natural grotto within the district
of Aphrodite in the gardens. Here they de-
posited the sacred vessels, and carried back
something else, which was covered and like-