Smith, William: A smaller dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities (London, 1871)

HYBREOS GRAPHE.

210

IMMUNITAS.

festival, celebrated every year at Amyclae by
the Amyelaeans and Spartans, probably in
honour of the Amyelaean Apollo and Hyacin-
thus together. This Amyelaean Apollo, how-
ever, with whom Kyacinthus was assimilated
in later times, must not be confounded with
Apollo, the national divinity of the Dorians.
The festival was called after the youthful
hero Hyacinthus, who evidently derived his
name from the flower hyacinth (the emblem
of death among the ancient Greeks), and
whom Apollo accidentally struck dead with a
quoit. The Hyacinthia lasted for three days,
and began on the longest day of the Spartan
month Hecatombeus, at the time when the
tender flowers, oppressed by the heat of
the sun, drooped their languid heads. On
the first and last day of the Hyacinthia
sacrifices were offered to the dead, and
the death of Hyacinthus was lamented.
During these two days, nobody wore any
garlands at the repasts, nor took bread, but
only cakes and similar things, and when the
solemn repasts were over, everybody went
home in the greatest quiet and order. The
second day, however, was wholly spent in
public rejoicings and amusements, such as
horse-races, dances, processions, &e. The
great importance attached to this festival by
the Amyelaeans and Lacedaemonians is seen
from the fact, that the Amyelaeans, even
when they had taken the field against an
enemy, always returned home on the ap-
proach of the season of the Hyacinthia, that
they might not be obliged to neglect its cele-
bration ; and that in a treaty with Sparta,
b.c. 421, the Athenians, in order to show
their good-will towards Sparta, promised
every year to attend the celebration of this
festival.

HYBREOS GRAPHE (if/Spews ypou^), an
action prescribed by the Attic law for wan-
ton and contumelious injury to the person,
whether in the nature of indecent (Si' ai<r-
XpovpyCas) or other assaults (Sia n-A^-ywf). The
severity of the sentence extended to confisca-
tion or death.

HYDRAULIS (uSpaiAis), an hydraulic or-
gan,invented by Ctesibius of Alexandria, who
lived about b.c. 200. Its pipes were partly
of bronze, and partly of reed. The number
of its stops, and consequently of its rows of
pipes, varied from one to eight. It continued
in use so late as the ninth century of our
era. The organ was well adapted to gratify
the Roman people in the splendid entertain-
ments provided for them by the emperors
and other opulent persons. Nero was very
curious about organs, both in regard to their
musical effect and their mechanism. A con-
torniate coin of this emperor, in the Bri-

tish Museum, shows an organ with a sprig ol
laurel on one side, and a man standing on
the other.

Hydra ul i s, water-organ. (Coin of Nero in British Mufeum.]

HYDRIAPHORIA (Mpiacpopla), was the
carrying of a vessel with water (vSpCa), which
service the married alien (p.<rVoiKoi) women
had to perform to the married part of the
female citizens of Athens, when they walked
to the temple of Athena in the great proces-
sion at the Panathenaea.

HYPORCHEMA (OttooxwO, a lively kind
of mimic dance which accompanied the songs
used in the worship of Apollo, especially
among the Dorians. A chorus of singers at
the festivals of Apollo usually danced arour.,1
the altar, while several other persons were
appointed to accompany the action of the
song with an appropriate mimic performance
(u7ropxei°"0ou). The hyporchema was thus a
lyric dance, and often passed into the playful
and comic.

IDTTS. [Cai.endaritm.]
IGNOMINIA. [Censor; Ixfamia.]
IGNOBILES. [Xobiles.]
IMAGO, a representation or likeness, an
image or figure of a person. Among the
Romans those persons, who had filled any cf
the higher or curule magistracies of the state,
had the right of having images of themselves.
Respecting tiasjns imaginum see Xobiles.

IMMUNITAS (from in and munus), sig-
nifies, (1) A freedom from taxes. (8) A
freedom from services which other citizens
had to discharge. 'With respect to the first
kind of immunitas we find that the emperors
frequently granted it to separate persons, or
to certain classes of persons, or to whole
states. The second kind of immunitas was
granted to all persons who had a valid excuse