DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.13855#0422
VIATICUM.
414
vices.
Sabines passed through Garteoli and Oorfi-
nium to Aternum on the Adriatic, thence to
Adria, and so along the coast to Castrwm
Truentinum, where it fell into the Via Sa-
laria.—6. The Via Xomextaxa, anciently
Ficui.xexsis, ran from the Porta Collina,
crossed the Anio to Nomentum, and a little
beyond fell into the Via Salaria at Eretum.
■—7. The Via Salaria, also from the Porta
Collina (passing Fidenae and Crustumerium)
ran north and east through Sabinum and
Piccnum to Rcate and Ascuhim Picemun. At
Castrum Truentinum it reached the coast,
which it followed until it joined the Via
Flaminia at Ancona.—8. The Via Flaminia,
the Great North Road, carried ultimately to
Ariminum. It issued from the Porta Fla-
minia, and proceeded nearly north to Ocri-
etUum and Narnia in Umbria. Here a branch
struck off, making a sweep to the cast through
Interamna and Spoletium, and fell again
into the main trunk (which passed through
Merania) at Fulginia. It continued through
Faniiin Flaminii and Nuceria, where it again
divided, one line running nearly straight to
Fanum Fortunae on the Adriatic, while the
other diverging to Ancona continued from
thence along the coast to Fanum Fortunae,
where the two branches uniting passed on
to Ariminum through Pisaurum. From
thence the Via Flaminia was extended under
the name of the Via Aemilia, and traversed
the heart of Cisalpine Gaul through Bono-
nia, Mutinat Parma, Placentia (where it
crossed the Po), to Mediolanum.—9. The
Via Aurelia, the Great Coast Road, issued
originally from the Porta Janiculensis, and
subsequently from the Porta Aurelia. It
reached the coast at Alsium, and followed
the shore of the lower sea along Etruria
and Liguria by Genoa as far as Forum Julii
in Gaul. In the first instance it extended
no farther than Pisa.—10. The Via Por-
tuexsis kept the right bank of the Tiber to
Portus Augusti.—11. The Via Ostiexsis
originally passed through the Porta Trigc-
tnina, afterwards through the Porta Ostiensis,
and kept the left bank of the Tiber to Ostia.
From thence it was continued under the
name of Via Severiaxa along the coast
southward through Laurcntum, Antium, and
Circaei, till it joined the Via Appia at Tar-
racina. The Via Laurextina, leading direct
to Laurentum, seems to have branched off
from the Via Ostiensis at a short distance
from Kome.'—12. The Via Ardeatixa from
Home to Ardea. According to some this
branched off from the Via Appia, and thus
the circuit of the city is completed.
VIATICUM is, properly speaking, every-
thing necessary for a perwn setting out on a
journey, and thus comprehends money, pro-
visions, dresses, vessels, &c. When a Roman
magistrate, praetor, proconsul, or quaestor
went to his province, the state provided him
with all that was necessary for his journey.
But as the state in this, as in most other
cases of expenditure, preferred paying a sum
at once to having any part in the actual
business, it engaged contractors [redemp-
tores), who for a stipulated sum had to pro-
vide the magistrates with the viaticum, the
principal parts of which appear to have been
beasts of burden and tents (muli et taber-
nacula). Augustus introduced some modifi-
cation of this system, as he once for all fixed
a certain sum to be given to the proconsuls
(probably to other provincial magistrates
also) on setting out for th^r provinces, so
that the redemptores had jij more to do
with it.
VIATOR, a servant who attended upon
and executed the commands of certain Roman
magistrates, to whom he bore the same rela-
tion as the lictor did to other magistrates.
The name viatores was derived from the cir-
cumstance of their being chiefly employed on
messages either to call upon senators to at-
tend the meeting of the senate, or to summon
people to the comitia, &c. In the earlier
times of the republic we find viatores as
ministers of such magistrates also as had
their lictors : viatores of a dictator and of
the consuls are mentioned by Livy. In
later times, however, viatores are only men-
tioned with such magistrates as had only
potestas and not imperium, such as the tri-
bunes of the people, the censors, and the
aediles.
VICTIMA. [Sacrificiuji.]
VICESlMA, a tax of five per cent. Every
Roman, when he manumitted a slave, had to
pay to the state a tax of one-twentieth of his
value, whence the tax was called vicesima
manuinissionis. This tax was first imposed
by the Lex Manlia (b. c. 357), and was not
abolished when all other imposts were done
away with in Rome and Italy. A tax called
vicesima hereditatum et legatorum was intro-
duced by Augustus [Lex Julia Vicesimaria) :
it consisted of five per cent., which every
Roman citizen had to pay to the aerarium
militare, upon any inheritance or legacy left
to him, with the exception of such as were
left to a citizen by his nearest relatives, and
such as did not amount to above a certain
sum. It was levied in Italy and the pro-
vinces by procuratores appointed for the
purpose.
VICOMAGISTRI. [Vicrs.]
VICUS, the name of the subdivisions into
which the four regions occupied by the four
414
vices.
Sabines passed through Garteoli and Oorfi-
nium to Aternum on the Adriatic, thence to
Adria, and so along the coast to Castrwm
Truentinum, where it fell into the Via Sa-
laria.—6. The Via Xomextaxa, anciently
Ficui.xexsis, ran from the Porta Collina,
crossed the Anio to Nomentum, and a little
beyond fell into the Via Salaria at Eretum.
■—7. The Via Salaria, also from the Porta
Collina (passing Fidenae and Crustumerium)
ran north and east through Sabinum and
Piccnum to Rcate and Ascuhim Picemun. At
Castrum Truentinum it reached the coast,
which it followed until it joined the Via
Flaminia at Ancona.—8. The Via Flaminia,
the Great North Road, carried ultimately to
Ariminum. It issued from the Porta Fla-
minia, and proceeded nearly north to Ocri-
etUum and Narnia in Umbria. Here a branch
struck off, making a sweep to the cast through
Interamna and Spoletium, and fell again
into the main trunk (which passed through
Merania) at Fulginia. It continued through
Faniiin Flaminii and Nuceria, where it again
divided, one line running nearly straight to
Fanum Fortunae on the Adriatic, while the
other diverging to Ancona continued from
thence along the coast to Fanum Fortunae,
where the two branches uniting passed on
to Ariminum through Pisaurum. From
thence the Via Flaminia was extended under
the name of the Via Aemilia, and traversed
the heart of Cisalpine Gaul through Bono-
nia, Mutinat Parma, Placentia (where it
crossed the Po), to Mediolanum.—9. The
Via Aurelia, the Great Coast Road, issued
originally from the Porta Janiculensis, and
subsequently from the Porta Aurelia. It
reached the coast at Alsium, and followed
the shore of the lower sea along Etruria
and Liguria by Genoa as far as Forum Julii
in Gaul. In the first instance it extended
no farther than Pisa.—10. The Via Por-
tuexsis kept the right bank of the Tiber to
Portus Augusti.—11. The Via Ostiexsis
originally passed through the Porta Trigc-
tnina, afterwards through the Porta Ostiensis,
and kept the left bank of the Tiber to Ostia.
From thence it was continued under the
name of Via Severiaxa along the coast
southward through Laurcntum, Antium, and
Circaei, till it joined the Via Appia at Tar-
racina. The Via Laurextina, leading direct
to Laurentum, seems to have branched off
from the Via Ostiensis at a short distance
from Kome.'—12. The Via Ardeatixa from
Home to Ardea. According to some this
branched off from the Via Appia, and thus
the circuit of the city is completed.
VIATICUM is, properly speaking, every-
thing necessary for a perwn setting out on a
journey, and thus comprehends money, pro-
visions, dresses, vessels, &c. When a Roman
magistrate, praetor, proconsul, or quaestor
went to his province, the state provided him
with all that was necessary for his journey.
But as the state in this, as in most other
cases of expenditure, preferred paying a sum
at once to having any part in the actual
business, it engaged contractors [redemp-
tores), who for a stipulated sum had to pro-
vide the magistrates with the viaticum, the
principal parts of which appear to have been
beasts of burden and tents (muli et taber-
nacula). Augustus introduced some modifi-
cation of this system, as he once for all fixed
a certain sum to be given to the proconsuls
(probably to other provincial magistrates
also) on setting out for th^r provinces, so
that the redemptores had jij more to do
with it.
VIATOR, a servant who attended upon
and executed the commands of certain Roman
magistrates, to whom he bore the same rela-
tion as the lictor did to other magistrates.
The name viatores was derived from the cir-
cumstance of their being chiefly employed on
messages either to call upon senators to at-
tend the meeting of the senate, or to summon
people to the comitia, &c. In the earlier
times of the republic we find viatores as
ministers of such magistrates also as had
their lictors : viatores of a dictator and of
the consuls are mentioned by Livy. In
later times, however, viatores are only men-
tioned with such magistrates as had only
potestas and not imperium, such as the tri-
bunes of the people, the censors, and the
aediles.
VICTIMA. [Sacrificiuji.]
VICESlMA, a tax of five per cent. Every
Roman, when he manumitted a slave, had to
pay to the state a tax of one-twentieth of his
value, whence the tax was called vicesima
manuinissionis. This tax was first imposed
by the Lex Manlia (b. c. 357), and was not
abolished when all other imposts were done
away with in Rome and Italy. A tax called
vicesima hereditatum et legatorum was intro-
duced by Augustus [Lex Julia Vicesimaria) :
it consisted of five per cent., which every
Roman citizen had to pay to the aerarium
militare, upon any inheritance or legacy left
to him, with the exception of such as were
left to a citizen by his nearest relatives, and
such as did not amount to above a certain
sum. It was levied in Italy and the pro-
vinces by procuratores appointed for the
purpose.
VICOMAGISTRI. [Vicrs.]
VICUS, the name of the subdivisions into
which the four regions occupied by the four