Taylor, Charles: A Familiar Treatise On Drawing, For Youth: Being An Elementary Introduction To The Fine Arts, Designed For The Instruction Of Young Persons Whose Genius Leads Them To Study This Elegant And Useful Branch Of Education (London, 1827)

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natural talents, or excellence of instruction, a slovenly
and smeared piece is disgraceful and disgusting.

The subject to be copied should be placed at an
easy distance from the eye, so that the whole may be
taken in at a glance. Before it is commenced, accu-
rately study it; if large and multifarious, notice the
different proportions of the divisions into which you
can arrange it; mark in your own mind the centre
of the whole; from this, trace imaginary lines to the
corners, the sides, and from one object to another, on
which to calculate the relative dimensions and dis-
tances of prominent parts or objects. Let these va-
rious mental measurements be indicated on your paper
by very faint touches, and when you have thus plan-
ned the whole, your progress will be satisfactory in
proportion to the accuracy of these temporary pre-
liminaries. The student must rigorously avoid re-
lying on the Square, the Rule, or the Compasses;
these seducing and dangerous helps must be banished
from all study, except of Perspective or Architecture:
" The Compasses must be in the Eye, not in the handy

From these general observations we proceed to the
series of examples.

PLATES I. and II. Eyes (at large.)

Commence with the second figure of this Plate. The
Eye seen in front is divided into three parts, the centre
one of which is the size of the sight. Copy the out-
lines only, accurately.

From this proceed to the third example on the second
Plate. The Eye in profile is half the dimensions of the
Eye in front.

When the student has copied these outlines, he will
find it a very profitable exercise to lay aside his origi-
nal, and, from memory alone, produce as nearly as pos-