DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.4692#0011
2 INTRODUCTION.
valley of the Maeandcr in 1673, by Mr. Pickering, Mr. Salter, and some other Smyrna merchants. They passed
by Changli to Priene, then to Miletus, and visited the Temple of Apollo Branchidae, which Mr. Pickering
mistook for the Mausoleum. They then went to Iassus, Mylassa, Stratonicaea, and returned by way of the
Seven Churches.
After Spon, Tournefort, botanist to Louis XIV., was dispatched on a mission to Turkey in 1700. He
passed from Constantinople to Trebizond by sea, visited Georgia and Armenia, and then returned by way of
Tokat and Angora to Broussa. Thence he went to Smyrna, visiting Apollonia and Magnesia in his way.
He afterwards went to Ephesus, Scala Nova, and Samos. His narrative is very clear, and well illustrated
by engravings of antiquities and views of cities.
Pococke, in the beginning of the 18th century, passed several times through Bithynia, Galatia, and
Ionia, and gives very full accounts of all that he saw; but, according to Colonel Leake, his narrative is in
places confused, and not so good as might have been expected from such an accomplished scholar.
Corancez traversed a great part of Asia Minor between the years 1809 and 1812. His Itinerary,
published in 1812, appears to be little known. After visiting Syria, he landed at Kelenderis, and passed
through Anamour, Alayah, Side, Attalia, through Cibyra to Tabae and Aphrodisias, and thence to Con-
stantinople.
However complete the descriptions of ruins given by these travellers, the illustrations of their books
were of inferior quality, and up to Pococke's time no person competent to make measured drawings of the
ruins had visited the country. As an appreciation of the elegant architecture of the Greeks became more
general, the want of correct delineations was much felt, especially by scholars and antiquaries. Consequently,
in 1764, the Society of Dilettanti, which was founded in 1731 by a number of gentlemen who had travelled
on the Continent, and who were desirous of improving the public taste in matters relating to architecture,
resolved to send out properly-qualified persons to the East, " in order to collect information, and make
observations relative to the ancient state of those countries, and to such monuments of antiquity as were still
remaining." Dr. Chandler was selected as Director to an Expedition, Mr. Revett as architect, and Mr. Pars
as painter. They left England in June, 1764, and returned in September, 1766, having visited during that
period the Troad, Smyrna, Clazomenae, Teos, Ephesus, Miletus, Priene, Heraclea, Mylasa, Stratonicaea, Tralles,
Laodicaca, Hierapolis, Colossse, Sardis, Pcrgamus, and Thyatira. The results of their labours were published
in a 4to volume by Dr. Chandler, in 1775, in two folio volumes of plates with descriptions, issued by the
Society in 1769, under the title of " Antiquities of Ionia:" of these there were two editions. The archi-
tectural details of several temples are given in this volume, well drawn and engraved ; but as the Mission
had no funds for excavations, the information obtained was in many cases incomplete.
In 1811, a second Mission was dispatched to the Levant to obtain further information, consisting of
Sir William Gell, accompanied by two architects, Messrs. Gandy and Bedford. They were instructed to
visit Samos, Sardis, Aphrodisias, Hierapolis, Tralles, Laodicsea, Telmissus, Patara, Cnidus, Halicarnassus,
Magnesia ad Maeandrum, Priene, and Branchidae ; and also several places in Greece. The results were published
in a third volume of the " Ionian Antiquities," and in the " Incditcd Antiquities of Attica."
Meanwhile, Erance had sent Gouffier Choiseul, who visited Greece and the western shores of Asia Minor
in the year 1772, and published in 1782 several interesting views, with architectural details, in his " Voyage
Pittoresque."
In the same year that Sir William Gell started for Asia Minor, Captain Beaufort commenced his
important survey of the whole southern coast of the peninsula, from Syria to the Gulf of Scanderoon. He
made several discoveries in Lycia ; indeed, he may be said to be the first to make known the existence of
entire cities in ruins in that extraordinary territory. A year later, Professor Cockerell visited Lycia in the
course of a tour in Asia Minor. Some of the results of his observations have been made public in tho
supplement to Leake's " Asia Minor;" but it is much to be regretted that the greater part of his notes,
which would be invaluable to the architect and archaeologist, remain unpublished.
Colonel Leake,—one of the most accurate of all travellers in Turkey,—in 1805 traversed the continent,
passing from Constantinople to Kelenderis. He returned by sea, touching at Cnidus, Assos, and other
important places on the coast. His geographical studies and the indications given by him of the probable
sites of ancient cities have been most valuable to succeeding travellers, and have led to the identification
of many important places.
A few years later, Kinneir travelled from one end of the peninsula to the other. He does not, how-
ever, appear to have devoted much time to the observation of ruins.
Mr. Arundel, the British chaplain at Smyrna, visited the Seven Churches between 1820 and 1830, and
subsequently made an excursion for the purpose of discovering the site of Antioch in Pisidia, during which
he identified several celebrated sites.
In 1833 M. Guizot, the enlightened Minister of Public Instruction in Erance, commissioned M. Charles
valley of the Maeandcr in 1673, by Mr. Pickering, Mr. Salter, and some other Smyrna merchants. They passed
by Changli to Priene, then to Miletus, and visited the Temple of Apollo Branchidae, which Mr. Pickering
mistook for the Mausoleum. They then went to Iassus, Mylassa, Stratonicaea, and returned by way of the
Seven Churches.
After Spon, Tournefort, botanist to Louis XIV., was dispatched on a mission to Turkey in 1700. He
passed from Constantinople to Trebizond by sea, visited Georgia and Armenia, and then returned by way of
Tokat and Angora to Broussa. Thence he went to Smyrna, visiting Apollonia and Magnesia in his way.
He afterwards went to Ephesus, Scala Nova, and Samos. His narrative is very clear, and well illustrated
by engravings of antiquities and views of cities.
Pococke, in the beginning of the 18th century, passed several times through Bithynia, Galatia, and
Ionia, and gives very full accounts of all that he saw; but, according to Colonel Leake, his narrative is in
places confused, and not so good as might have been expected from such an accomplished scholar.
Corancez traversed a great part of Asia Minor between the years 1809 and 1812. His Itinerary,
published in 1812, appears to be little known. After visiting Syria, he landed at Kelenderis, and passed
through Anamour, Alayah, Side, Attalia, through Cibyra to Tabae and Aphrodisias, and thence to Con-
stantinople.
However complete the descriptions of ruins given by these travellers, the illustrations of their books
were of inferior quality, and up to Pococke's time no person competent to make measured drawings of the
ruins had visited the country. As an appreciation of the elegant architecture of the Greeks became more
general, the want of correct delineations was much felt, especially by scholars and antiquaries. Consequently,
in 1764, the Society of Dilettanti, which was founded in 1731 by a number of gentlemen who had travelled
on the Continent, and who were desirous of improving the public taste in matters relating to architecture,
resolved to send out properly-qualified persons to the East, " in order to collect information, and make
observations relative to the ancient state of those countries, and to such monuments of antiquity as were still
remaining." Dr. Chandler was selected as Director to an Expedition, Mr. Revett as architect, and Mr. Pars
as painter. They left England in June, 1764, and returned in September, 1766, having visited during that
period the Troad, Smyrna, Clazomenae, Teos, Ephesus, Miletus, Priene, Heraclea, Mylasa, Stratonicaea, Tralles,
Laodicaca, Hierapolis, Colossse, Sardis, Pcrgamus, and Thyatira. The results of their labours were published
in a 4to volume by Dr. Chandler, in 1775, in two folio volumes of plates with descriptions, issued by the
Society in 1769, under the title of " Antiquities of Ionia:" of these there were two editions. The archi-
tectural details of several temples are given in this volume, well drawn and engraved ; but as the Mission
had no funds for excavations, the information obtained was in many cases incomplete.
In 1811, a second Mission was dispatched to the Levant to obtain further information, consisting of
Sir William Gell, accompanied by two architects, Messrs. Gandy and Bedford. They were instructed to
visit Samos, Sardis, Aphrodisias, Hierapolis, Tralles, Laodicsea, Telmissus, Patara, Cnidus, Halicarnassus,
Magnesia ad Maeandrum, Priene, and Branchidae ; and also several places in Greece. The results were published
in a third volume of the " Ionian Antiquities," and in the " Incditcd Antiquities of Attica."
Meanwhile, Erance had sent Gouffier Choiseul, who visited Greece and the western shores of Asia Minor
in the year 1772, and published in 1782 several interesting views, with architectural details, in his " Voyage
Pittoresque."
In the same year that Sir William Gell started for Asia Minor, Captain Beaufort commenced his
important survey of the whole southern coast of the peninsula, from Syria to the Gulf of Scanderoon. He
made several discoveries in Lycia ; indeed, he may be said to be the first to make known the existence of
entire cities in ruins in that extraordinary territory. A year later, Professor Cockerell visited Lycia in the
course of a tour in Asia Minor. Some of the results of his observations have been made public in tho
supplement to Leake's " Asia Minor;" but it is much to be regretted that the greater part of his notes,
which would be invaluable to the architect and archaeologist, remain unpublished.
Colonel Leake,—one of the most accurate of all travellers in Turkey,—in 1805 traversed the continent,
passing from Constantinople to Kelenderis. He returned by sea, touching at Cnidus, Assos, and other
important places on the coast. His geographical studies and the indications given by him of the probable
sites of ancient cities have been most valuable to succeeding travellers, and have led to the identification
of many important places.
A few years later, Kinneir travelled from one end of the peninsula to the other. He does not, how-
ever, appear to have devoted much time to the observation of ruins.
Mr. Arundel, the British chaplain at Smyrna, visited the Seven Churches between 1820 and 1830, and
subsequently made an excursion for the purpose of discovering the site of Antioch in Pisidia, during which
he identified several celebrated sites.
In 1833 M. Guizot, the enlightened Minister of Public Instruction in Erance, commissioned M. Charles