DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.1021#0423
368 THE MYCENAEAN AGE
of the Kings of Troy, as he had found the Royal Graves of Mycenae; but
instead of this lie barely escaped discovering the real Homeric Pergamos.
Above the Burnt City were now found seven distinct layers of building,
and in the fourth of these, counting from above, or the sixth city in chro-
nological order, were found remains of important buildings, with pottery of'
characteristic Mycenaean style and form. Dorpfeld saw the full impor-
tance of this discovery. Speaking of the Mycenaean vase finds, he says: *
"This circumstance not only dates the layer approximately, but allows
us to draw the further conclusion that the second stratum must be older
than this stratum with the Mycenaean vases, — how much older it is im-
possible to say, but the interval cannot have been a short one, as between
the two lie three other strata of poor settlements."
That he did not at once claim Homeric standing for the new-found sixth
city was due (he says 2) to the fact that he ''did not yet know whether it
■was a city or a citadel at all." The question would have been settled at
once and under Schliemann's direction, had not the malarial summer heat
compelled him to suspend operations, which he proposed resuming the
next year. But his premature death left this task to his younger colleague,
who in two successive campaigns has amply discharged it. In his report 3
Dr. Dorpfeld sums up the results of his work in the following conclu-
sions : —
(1) The sixth stratum presents a stately acropolis, with many large
buildings and an exceedingly strong circuit wall.
(2) This acropolis flourished in the Mycenaean age. and hence it has
the first claim to be regarded as the Pergamos of Ilion celebrated by
Homer.
(3) The far more ancient acropolis of the second stratum antedated the
Mycenaean age, and was repeatedly destroyed long before the time of
the Trojan War.
Taking 1500-1000 b. c. as the approximate date of the Mycenaean
epoch to which the Sixth City belongs, Dr. Dorpfeld offers the following
tentative chronology of the Hissarlik settlements: —
I. Lowest primitive settlement, with walls of small quarry-stones and
clay. Primitive finds. Period (estimated) 3000-2500 b. c.
II. Prehistoric fortress, with strong walls and large brick buildings.
Thrice destroyed and rebuilt. Monochrome pottery. Many objects of
bronze, silver, and gold. Period (estimated) 2500-2000 B. c.
III. ) Three prehistoric village settlements, built above the ruins of
IV. >• the second city. Houses of small stones and brick. Early
"V. ) Trojan pottery. Period about 2000-1500 B. c.
VI. Fortress of the Mycenaean age. Mighty circuit wall with great
1 See his Report, Sehuehhardt, p. 349. 2 Troja, 1S93, p. 11.
3 Troja, 1893 ; and Atk. Mitth. 1894, pp. 380 ff.
of the Kings of Troy, as he had found the Royal Graves of Mycenae; but
instead of this lie barely escaped discovering the real Homeric Pergamos.
Above the Burnt City were now found seven distinct layers of building,
and in the fourth of these, counting from above, or the sixth city in chro-
nological order, were found remains of important buildings, with pottery of'
characteristic Mycenaean style and form. Dorpfeld saw the full impor-
tance of this discovery. Speaking of the Mycenaean vase finds, he says: *
"This circumstance not only dates the layer approximately, but allows
us to draw the further conclusion that the second stratum must be older
than this stratum with the Mycenaean vases, — how much older it is im-
possible to say, but the interval cannot have been a short one, as between
the two lie three other strata of poor settlements."
That he did not at once claim Homeric standing for the new-found sixth
city was due (he says 2) to the fact that he ''did not yet know whether it
■was a city or a citadel at all." The question would have been settled at
once and under Schliemann's direction, had not the malarial summer heat
compelled him to suspend operations, which he proposed resuming the
next year. But his premature death left this task to his younger colleague,
who in two successive campaigns has amply discharged it. In his report 3
Dr. Dorpfeld sums up the results of his work in the following conclu-
sions : —
(1) The sixth stratum presents a stately acropolis, with many large
buildings and an exceedingly strong circuit wall.
(2) This acropolis flourished in the Mycenaean age. and hence it has
the first claim to be regarded as the Pergamos of Ilion celebrated by
Homer.
(3) The far more ancient acropolis of the second stratum antedated the
Mycenaean age, and was repeatedly destroyed long before the time of
the Trojan War.
Taking 1500-1000 b. c. as the approximate date of the Mycenaean
epoch to which the Sixth City belongs, Dr. Dorpfeld offers the following
tentative chronology of the Hissarlik settlements: —
I. Lowest primitive settlement, with walls of small quarry-stones and
clay. Primitive finds. Period (estimated) 3000-2500 b. c.
II. Prehistoric fortress, with strong walls and large brick buildings.
Thrice destroyed and rebuilt. Monochrome pottery. Many objects of
bronze, silver, and gold. Period (estimated) 2500-2000 B. c.
III. ) Three prehistoric village settlements, built above the ruins of
IV. >• the second city. Houses of small stones and brick. Early
"V. ) Trojan pottery. Period about 2000-1500 B. c.
VI. Fortress of the Mycenaean age. Mighty circuit wall with great
1 See his Report, Sehuehhardt, p. 349. 2 Troja, 1S93, p. 11.
3 Troja, 1893 ; and Atk. Mitth. 1894, pp. 380 ff.