DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.29302#0047
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17. I have been unable to prepare produce estimates in the usual
form. All I am able to give is a statement of
Tne produce of the tract, |.]ie cr0pS grown in the kharif of 1881 and rabi
ppen is i o. . 1882. 1 will first describe the classification of
soils and system of cultivation and crops of the Bharauli ilaqa. The
only classification of soils recognised by the people is that depending
on irrigation, and on the application or absence of manure, and both
the total assessment and internal distribution of the previous assessment
were based on this classification. It is briefly stated—
Local name.
Explanation and husbandry.
Kul or Kiar ...
Lands irrigated by hill streams ; with few exceptions
they yield two crops in the year, viz., rice or maize
in the autumn, and wheat in the spring.
Baklnl or Leliri .
Unirrigated land ; all of it through!}' manured. The autumu
harvest is almost entirely maize, and the spring
harvest wheat.
Changar
These are poor sloping fields at a distance from the
homestead, which are neither irrigated nor manured.
They rarely yield anything except a very poor crop of
kulth, koda, or mash.
A little more than one-eighth of the cultivation is irrigated, and
a fourth is Changar. The Changar husbandary is mere catch cropping,
the crops being very poor and uncertain. It is confined almost entirely
to the poorest kharff crops, such as kulth and koda. The husbandman's
real work is with the irrigated land and with the unirrigated fields
which he manures. Nearly two-thirds of the irrigated land has a rather
short supply of water in the rabi season ; and where this is the case,
it is evidenced by the rabi crops being only about half the area of the
kharff crops ; sometimes less. And for this reason both at the former
Settlement and now the irrigated lands have been rated in two classes—
the kharff (rice) crop is never manured; the rabi crop always is.
A similar division has been made of the manured lands. Rather
more than half have been recorded as 2nd class, and the rest as 1st class.
The 1st class lands are usually nearer the homesteads than the 2nd class ;
they are heavily manured and yield without intermission a crop of maize and
a crop of wheat every year; but the area of the rabbi is usually about a sixth
less than that of the kharff. The 2nd class lands are those to which the
husbandman is unable to give so plentiful a supply of manure, and in
consequence though the whole of them yield a kharff crop every year
without intermission, the rabi crops cover only about half of the kharff
area. Another evidence of the inferiority of the 2nd class land is, that
only about two-thirds of the kharff crops are maize (a few acres rice), the
rest being koda, mash, kulth, &c., and the rabi is two-thirds wheat and
one-third barley. I am not sure of the necessity for the division of
these Lehri lands into 1st and 2nd class; but the distinction existed at
last Settlement, and I have continued it, and the power of reducing Lehri
lands or Kul lauds from 1st to 2nd class has been in a few instances a
17. I have been unable to prepare produce estimates in the usual
form. All I am able to give is a statement of
Tne produce of the tract, |.]ie cr0pS grown in the kharif of 1881 and rabi
ppen is i o. . 1882. 1 will first describe the classification of
soils and system of cultivation and crops of the Bharauli ilaqa. The
only classification of soils recognised by the people is that depending
on irrigation, and on the application or absence of manure, and both
the total assessment and internal distribution of the previous assessment
were based on this classification. It is briefly stated—
Local name.
Explanation and husbandry.
Kul or Kiar ...
Lands irrigated by hill streams ; with few exceptions
they yield two crops in the year, viz., rice or maize
in the autumn, and wheat in the spring.
Baklnl or Leliri .
Unirrigated land ; all of it through!}' manured. The autumu
harvest is almost entirely maize, and the spring
harvest wheat.
Changar
These are poor sloping fields at a distance from the
homestead, which are neither irrigated nor manured.
They rarely yield anything except a very poor crop of
kulth, koda, or mash.
A little more than one-eighth of the cultivation is irrigated, and
a fourth is Changar. The Changar husbandary is mere catch cropping,
the crops being very poor and uncertain. It is confined almost entirely
to the poorest kharff crops, such as kulth and koda. The husbandman's
real work is with the irrigated land and with the unirrigated fields
which he manures. Nearly two-thirds of the irrigated land has a rather
short supply of water in the rabi season ; and where this is the case,
it is evidenced by the rabi crops being only about half the area of the
kharff crops ; sometimes less. And for this reason both at the former
Settlement and now the irrigated lands have been rated in two classes—
the kharff (rice) crop is never manured; the rabi crop always is.
A similar division has been made of the manured lands. Rather
more than half have been recorded as 2nd class, and the rest as 1st class.
The 1st class lands are usually nearer the homesteads than the 2nd class ;
they are heavily manured and yield without intermission a crop of maize and
a crop of wheat every year; but the area of the rabbi is usually about a sixth
less than that of the kharff. The 2nd class lands are those to which the
husbandman is unable to give so plentiful a supply of manure, and in
consequence though the whole of them yield a kharff crop every year
without intermission, the rabi crops cover only about half of the kharff
area. Another evidence of the inferiority of the 2nd class land is, that
only about two-thirds of the kharff crops are maize (a few acres rice), the
rest being koda, mash, kulth, &c., and the rabi is two-thirds wheat and
one-third barley. I am not sure of the necessity for the division of
these Lehri lands into 1st and 2nd class; but the distinction existed at
last Settlement, and I have continued it, and the power of reducing Lehri
lands or Kul lauds from 1st to 2nd class has been in a few instances a