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https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.2532#0228
178 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES
upon what lias been said in the Introduction to the Sculpture as regards the methods of manipula-
tion in the marble-work employed by Polycleitan artists : it is the frequent use of the drill. This
is used to bore holes for the insertion of bronze bars or ornaments, as the small one at the groin,
the larger ones in front of the ear and immediately below the helmet, and the still larger ones
above the shield. The hole between the ear and the right temple either served to hold some bronze
ornament connected with the helmet, or held the end of a spear which indicated the fatal wound
received by the warrior. The large hole over the shield shows that these metopes, differing in
this from those of the Parthenon, were marble slabs, comparatively thin, fixed on a ground behind
the metope, and not the solid blocks, part of the whole construction of the entablature. It shows
that the marble imported from a distance was valuable material which had to be used economically.
Still more interesting is the use of the drill at the back over the buttocks, to work away the mate-
rial from the background, a practice already referred to in connection with the metope heads.
The head, on the other hand, is in excellent preservation, not even the tip of the nose being
wanting. It is evidently that of a warrior with a crested helmet. A portion of the crest is broken
away. The head and face have all the massive, square proportions common to the other metope
heads (cf. Plate XXXI.), with the same broad forehead, the same massive, heavy cheeks and
rounded chin, the same nose, broad from root to tip, the same treatment of eyelid and orb, though
here the inward slant of the orb is probably connected with the downward look, which again may
be the only sign the sculptor adopted to indicate the suffering of a wounded warrior. Above all,
there is the same extremely characteristic mouth, with the short, protruding upper lip, and the
curious flattened arch, indicating more of the red portion than is usually the case, while the lower
lip, not tightly pressed to the upper lip, has the same fullness and the projecting thickening in
the middle — all giving a peculiar pouting, stolid expression which is borne out by the heavy
character of the face as a whole.
Dimensions: —
Breadth of face...............8.6 cm.
Length of face (helmet visor to chin)...........10.2
Depth of head (forehead to back of helmet)..........13.2
Outer corner of eye to outer corner ........... 7.2
Inner corner of eye to inner corner ........... 2.3
Breadth of nose (at nostrils) ............. 2.5
Breadth of mouth ............... 2.7
Breadth of helmet, extreme . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.4
Length of nose ............... 4.
Breadth of ridge over crest ............. 1.8
Height of visor...............2.8
Breadth of eyes (outer corners) ............ 2.7
It will be seen that these measurements are practically the same as those of the youth's head
figured as Nos. 1 and 2 on the next Plate.
PLATE XXXI.
Nos. 1 and 2. Two views of a Youth's Head from a Metope. Parian marble. This head was
first published by me in the American Journal of Archaeology 1 shortly after its discovery in 1894.
As we realized immediately after its discovery, the head of this ephebus, corresponding in its
peculiar size and style of workmanship to all the other metope heads from the Heraeum, bears
the unmistakable characteristics of Polycleitan sculpture as manifested in the hitherto known
statues of the Doryphorus and Diadumenus.2
Dimensions : —
Height of fragment (neck, 8 cm.)...........15.9 cm.
Breadth of face (cheek to neck)............8.7
1 Vol. IX. (1894), pp. 331 ff. pi. xiv. ; reprinted in tlie conditions of its discovery, I must refer to the original
Papers of the American School of Classical Studies at paper in the American Journal of Archaeology, as well as
Athens, vol. VI. pp. 252 ff. pi. xx. It has since then been to what has been said on pp. 108 ff., in the Introduction
reproduced by Mr. Prazer, Pausanias, vol. III. p. 172. to the Sculpture in this volume.
2 For the further description of this point, as well as
upon what lias been said in the Introduction to the Sculpture as regards the methods of manipula-
tion in the marble-work employed by Polycleitan artists : it is the frequent use of the drill. This
is used to bore holes for the insertion of bronze bars or ornaments, as the small one at the groin,
the larger ones in front of the ear and immediately below the helmet, and the still larger ones
above the shield. The hole between the ear and the right temple either served to hold some bronze
ornament connected with the helmet, or held the end of a spear which indicated the fatal wound
received by the warrior. The large hole over the shield shows that these metopes, differing in
this from those of the Parthenon, were marble slabs, comparatively thin, fixed on a ground behind
the metope, and not the solid blocks, part of the whole construction of the entablature. It shows
that the marble imported from a distance was valuable material which had to be used economically.
Still more interesting is the use of the drill at the back over the buttocks, to work away the mate-
rial from the background, a practice already referred to in connection with the metope heads.
The head, on the other hand, is in excellent preservation, not even the tip of the nose being
wanting. It is evidently that of a warrior with a crested helmet. A portion of the crest is broken
away. The head and face have all the massive, square proportions common to the other metope
heads (cf. Plate XXXI.), with the same broad forehead, the same massive, heavy cheeks and
rounded chin, the same nose, broad from root to tip, the same treatment of eyelid and orb, though
here the inward slant of the orb is probably connected with the downward look, which again may
be the only sign the sculptor adopted to indicate the suffering of a wounded warrior. Above all,
there is the same extremely characteristic mouth, with the short, protruding upper lip, and the
curious flattened arch, indicating more of the red portion than is usually the case, while the lower
lip, not tightly pressed to the upper lip, has the same fullness and the projecting thickening in
the middle — all giving a peculiar pouting, stolid expression which is borne out by the heavy
character of the face as a whole.
Dimensions: —
Breadth of face...............8.6 cm.
Length of face (helmet visor to chin)...........10.2
Depth of head (forehead to back of helmet)..........13.2
Outer corner of eye to outer corner ........... 7.2
Inner corner of eye to inner corner ........... 2.3
Breadth of nose (at nostrils) ............. 2.5
Breadth of mouth ............... 2.7
Breadth of helmet, extreme . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.4
Length of nose ............... 4.
Breadth of ridge over crest ............. 1.8
Height of visor...............2.8
Breadth of eyes (outer corners) ............ 2.7
It will be seen that these measurements are practically the same as those of the youth's head
figured as Nos. 1 and 2 on the next Plate.
PLATE XXXI.
Nos. 1 and 2. Two views of a Youth's Head from a Metope. Parian marble. This head was
first published by me in the American Journal of Archaeology 1 shortly after its discovery in 1894.
As we realized immediately after its discovery, the head of this ephebus, corresponding in its
peculiar size and style of workmanship to all the other metope heads from the Heraeum, bears
the unmistakable characteristics of Polycleitan sculpture as manifested in the hitherto known
statues of the Doryphorus and Diadumenus.2
Dimensions : —
Height of fragment (neck, 8 cm.)...........15.9 cm.
Breadth of face (cheek to neck)............8.7
1 Vol. IX. (1894), pp. 331 ff. pi. xiv. ; reprinted in tlie conditions of its discovery, I must refer to the original
Papers of the American School of Classical Studies at paper in the American Journal of Archaeology, as well as
Athens, vol. VI. pp. 252 ff. pi. xx. It has since then been to what has been said on pp. 108 ff., in the Introduction
reproduced by Mr. Prazer, Pausanias, vol. III. p. 172. to the Sculpture in this volume.
2 For the further description of this point, as well as