Whittock, Nathaniel: The Oxford Drawing Book, Or The Art Of Drawing, And The Theory And Practice Of Perspective: In A Series Of Letters Containing Progressive Information On Sketching, Drawing, And Colouring Landscape Scenery, Animals, And The Human Figure: With A New Method Of Practical Perspective: Detailed In A Novel, Easy, And Perspicuous Style, For The Use Of Teachers, Or For Self-Instruction. Embellished With Upwards Of One Hundred And Fifty Lithographic Drawings, From Real Views, Taken Expressly For This Work (Oxford , London, 1825)

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produced by using the first shade, only bearing rather strong on the pencil; the
rushes in the fore ground are made by pressing on the pencil when you begin the line,
and taking it off lightly towards the end, which of course leaves it thin and pointed.
You must practise this sort of touch on waste paper, till you can do it freely, as you
will soon find it of great service.
You will doubtless have occasion to make a number of outlines of the drawings con-
tained in the first and second plate, and will therefore perfectly understand how to
place your dots, and form the lines. I have introduced four small drawings, Plate
III. without a separate outline; hoping that you will now be able to make them from
the finished drawing. No. 1. is part of a broken cross : in the part standing upright,
three sides only are seen, but the broken part lying on the ground, shews that it has
eight sides or angles; this is termed an octagon. In making the outline of this draw-
ing, you will begin as before, with the part nearest to the eye, which in this case is
the centre. After drawing the pedestal, or bottom stone on which the upright stones
are placed, go on to the first range of the latter. Finish the outline of them before you
begin the upper stones, taking care to keep the lines dotted, so that you may after-
wards form the broken parts. When the whole outline is completed, the stones in the