Whittock, Nathaniel: The Oxford Drawing Book, Or The Art Of Drawing, And The Theory And Practice Of Perspective: In A Series Of Letters Containing Progressive Information On Sketching, Drawing, And Colouring Landscape Scenery, Animals, And The Human Figure: With A New Method Of Practical Perspective: Detailed In A Novel, Easy, And Perspicuous Style, For The Use Of Teachers, Or For Self-Instruction. Embellished With Upwards Of One Hundred And Fifty Lithographic Drawings, From Real Views, Taken Expressly For This Work (Oxford , London, 1825)

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The remains of Oseney Abbey, now converted to a mil], will require no new direc-
tion relative to the drawing of the building. The outlines of the pollard willow
must first be drawn faintly, till you have got the true shape of the tree, then cover
the trunk with the second shade, pressing rather hard on the pencil; if you then with
a firm touch, and a blunt-pointed dark pencil, let lines run all over it, curving them
in the direction of the bend of the tree, and lastly, with the same pencil, make sharp
touches on the dark side, across the lines made last, it will give roundness and spirit
to the trunk. The small branches are formed in the same way you make touches for
long grass or rushes, by pressing the pencil on the paper when you begin the line,
and bringing it off sharp and light towards the end; the few leaves that are seen are
formed in the same manner, but with a lighter touch. As this is a real view, I was
obliged to introduce the tree, but am aware that it will be rather difficult for you to
produce at first. I shall shortly send you instructions on drawing trees, which will
enable you to form them with as much ease as you now produce buildings. Take care
to let the reflection of the objects on the water appear transparent; this you can effect
by drawing the outlines of the buildings, trees, &c. without putting them in shade,
then filling up the whole of the remaining space of the river with the first shade,
only letting the lines run in a horizontal direction; next let the building and trees
be put in shade, the windows and other parts drawn, but take care they are not