Whittock, Nathaniel: The Oxford Drawing Book, Or The Art Of Drawing, And The Theory And Practice Of Perspective: In A Series Of Letters Containing Progressive Information On Sketching, Drawing, And Colouring Landscape Scenery, Animals, And The Human Figure: With A New Method Of Practical Perspective: Detailed In A Novel, Easy, And Perspicuous Style, For The Use Of Teachers, Or For Self-Instruction. Embellished With Upwards Of One Hundred And Fifty Lithographic Drawings, From Real Views, Taken Expressly For This Work (Oxford , London, 1825)

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used to produce the foliage. Be careful in shading the trunk and branches, to do it
with graceful curves, as this will make the masses of foliage appear pendant.
Plate XXXII. is a poplar tree drawn from nature, in Christ Church Meadow.
You must proceed as before directed in sketching the outline, and putting the masses
in light and shade. I have before informed you how the foliage of the poplar is pro-
duced. You see masses of trees in the distance; these require a very light free out-
line, and must be put in the first and second shades only. The tower in the distance
is that of Magdalen College Chapel, which will shortly come under your notice.
In order to vary the drawings, I have in Plate XXXIII. sent you a marine view.
The old boat in the foreground, is put in light and shade, and then lines drawn in
various ways over it, to shew the roughness of the surface, and grain of the timber.
The figure you will have little difficulty in producing, as the legs are not seen. The
waves of the sea are made strong and irregular in the foreground, but become quite
smooth as they approach the horizon, because they are at a distance: take care to
touch the sails of the vessel in the distance very lightly, as a dark touch on
them would bring them too forward, and spoil what is called the keeping of the
picture.