70

Progress of Egyptology.

7. Philological.—Mention should have been made last year of a reduc-
tion 147 of Coptic accidence to its simplest tabular form by Chaine. The
scheme is very plain and clear, but would prove difficult to beginners
unless it be meaut to be used (as is probably the case) as an auxiliary to
lectures. It is perhaps rather a pity to find the old nomenclature of
genitive, dative, ablative, applied to the prepositions with suffixes.

M. A. Murray has compiled148 an elementary Coptic (Sa'idic) Grammar,
which has long been wanted for English readers. She follows very closely
indeed the lines of Steindorff's work, of which hers is really a much simpler
abstract, adding on a folding sheet a table of the verbal preformatives,
and the result should be most useful for beginners. It is to be hoped that
she may do the same for Mallon's Bohairic Grammar.

Bosch's Akhmimic Grammar and Levy's investigation into the syntax
of the Sa'. Apophtliegmata are reviewed149 together by I. G[oiDl].

Several lexicographical points are contained in von Lemm's new series150
of Miscelhn. No. ci distinguishes from several misunderstood passages the
word te — rfKiicLa, and nos. civ and cxi deal with the various Coptic
equivalents for "to cause abortion." In no. ciii, after suggesting that
horpos should be equated with /coVpo? rather than with corpus, he deals with
the meaning of r-me. In no. cxii he suggests a derivation for terompc-
ntenrompi, " yearly," and in no. cviii he returns to hloole (v. last Report,
71) = " to rock." In no. cxiv he discusses the word bosh, " to make naked : "
in nos. cxvi and cxvii (two Shenoute passages) he suggests the meanings
" dung " and " edge " for saate and sope respectively. In no. cxv he doubts
if lira- in Bohairic ever means " voice," thinking that " face" will always
satisfy the sense, and in nos. cii and cv he explains away two difficult
words, tiarihe and seh, by conjecturing charize and sef respectively. In
no. exxi he emends 151 away the hapax-legomenon terpose in Zoega 301 to
teb-pose, "gebrannter Ziegel": he explains barahe in Zoega 501 as the
plural of baroh (Kircher) = pabulator, frumentarius: and he explains
hedazc, hetaze, which had puzzled Amelineau in his edition of Shenoute
(i. 257), as being merely the Greek eTa^eiv.

A. Jacoby derives152 the name Sarabait, applied in Cassian and
elsewhere to a particular class of monks, from sar (sor) and ebet: the name
will therefore mean " scattered in (or into) cells."

Spiegelberg, in nos. xlvi-liv of his Miscellen, deals153 with several
grammatical points. He thinks that Steindorff's derivation of litooue,
"morning," from an ancient Egyptian phrase, "the two lands become bright,"
is no longer possible, and refers it, with some hesitation, to a demotic form
hr-tuet, "in the early morning": he points out that the particle je (v. a