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The Artist's Repository, Or, Encyclopedia of the Fine Arts (Band 1): The Human Figure — London, 1808

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https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.18825#0137
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LKCT. V.] PROPORTIONS OP THE HEAD. Ill
OF THE HEAD LOOKING DOWNWARD.

In a head looking downward, we observe that those
features which in the front face were horizontal and
even, now become the inferior part of a circle ; we
observe too, that the upper divisions of the head are
brought forward and appear enlarged, and some of
the upper part of the back of the head is seen. This
variation is more or less sensible as the head is more
or less declined. Let us consider this matter.

In looking at a person with whom we may be con-
versing, we naturally look at the eyes of that person ;
but, if he bows his head, while our eyes remain in the
same place, the divisions of his face appear to follow
each other thus; the chin recedes, while the upper
part of the head projects ; consequently the lower di-
vision (the chin) appears to shorten ; the next divi-
sion (the nose),, though in fact hardly preserving its
former dimensions, yet seems enlarged, if compa-
red with the diminution of the first: while the third
division (the forehead) gains a similar apparent advan-
tage over the second : and the fourth over the third.

If the person supposed, should bend his head very
much downward (looking earnestly at the ground,
for instance), 'we now perceive distinctly the compa-
rative states of these divisions : I. e. that the fourth,
or crown of the head, preserves its just dimensions,
while the third, or forehead, is lessened; this, com-
pared with the nose, is little diminished, but the nose
itself is considerably changed, and the chin, the
lower division, scarce appears at ail.

These variations are proportionate to the degree in
which the head is lowered ; and a similar progress
inverted takes place in a head looking upward.

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