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The Artist's Repository, Or, Encyclopedia of the Fine Arts (Band 1): The Human Figure — London, 1808

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https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.18825#0289
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2C0 PROPORTIONS OP THE FIGURE. [lEC. Tilt;

The furthest reach of the arm across the stomach,
brings the elbow to the centre of the stomach ; so
that the shoulders and elbow of that arm, form an
equilateral triangle.

When the arms are extended behind the back, the
elbows are removed from each other just the length
of the fore-arm and hand ; the two arms forming
an exact square.

That arm which is furthest removed from its natu-
ral posture, will exert the greatest powers to recover
its original station : for instance, to throw a dart, or
stone, the arm is drawn back to such a distance from
the body, as to require a rapid, and even violent,
assisting motion in the other parts : as you know,
the arrow from a bow, is projected with a celerity
correspondent to the strength exerted by the bow-
string to recover its place.

A person pointing to an object not very distant^
does not extend his arm so far from his body as
when he points to a remote object; then must the
arm be stretched out from his body : the face of
him who points, being always directed towards the
person for whose advantage that action is intended.

The Wrist, becomes smaller when the hand is
shut, and enlarged as the hand is opened : but this
motion has a directly contrary effect on the arm ;
the reason is, that the muscles, which on opening
the hand are stretched out, and extended, are in
clenching the hand swelled, and increased in bulk,
whereby the whole arm is augmented.

The joints of the Fingers enlarge themselves
on all sides when bent, and decrease when straight-
ened,
 
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