Papers of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens (1.1882-1883)

I9O THE OLYMPIEION AT ATHENS.

which Vitruvius (VII. praef. 17) mentions as one of the four most
famous examples of marble architecture, and which Aristotle {Polit.,
V. 11) compares to the works of the Kypselidae in Corinth, the pyra-
mids of Egypt, and the public works of Polykrates of Samos. Again,
the ruins lie in a south-easterly direction from the Acropolis, and we
know from Thucyclides* that the Olympieion was one of the old
temples in the southern part of the city. It was, moreover, near
the fountain Kallirrhoe, or Enneakrunos.f Thirdly, Vitruvius (VII.
praef. 15 and 17) says that the temple of Zeus was dipteral and of
the Corinthian order, which agrees exactly with what we find. It is
true, in another place (III. 1, 8), in defining a hypsethral temple,
he seems to cite it as octastyle ; but the passage presents difficulties
in several particulars, and probably is corrupt. Fourthly, Pausanias
(I. iS, 6) mentions that the peribolos was full of statues of Hadrian,
which the colonial cities of A thens had set up. A large number of
these bases with their dedicatory inscriptions have been found at
various times, many of them among the ruins. (Cf. C. I. A., III. 1,
472-486.) Again, we learn from Vitruvius (VII. loc. cit.~) that under
Antiochos Epiphanes (175-164 B.C.) the architect of the Olympieion
was a Roman citizen named Cossutius. Near the present ruins a
block was found, presumably the base of a statue, with the inscrip-
tion AeKyttos Koucrovrto? IIo7rAioD 'Pco/xaios (cf. Boeckh, C.I. G., 363).
There can be no doubt that this is the same man ; and it seems quite
certain that Boeckh is right in supposing a statue of the architect
to have been erected in the peribolos of the temple which he had

* TllUC, II. 15 : to 5e nrpb rovrov 7] aicpoiroXis ?; vvv oiiaa rci\is 'qv Kal to bit
avr-tjv irpbs vorov fj.aXio~ra rer pa/j./j.evov, . . . Kal rd e|o> irpbs rovro to /xtpos rrjs
71-oAecos /adWov 'ISpvrai, ri re too Aios rod 'OXvixtt'lov Kal to YlvQiov ical rb Tjjs TrjS
Kal to ev A'l/j.vlas Aiovvaov • . . . Kal t?) npr\vri tt) vvv fxev rwv rvpdvvwv ovrco ffKeva-
advrwv 'EvveaKpovvco KaKovfxevri, to 5e -KaAat (pavepwv twv Trriywv ovawv KaAXippby
cnv3fj.a(Tfj.£vr>, eKelvoi re iyyvs ovay rd irXeicrroj tt|ia e^pwvro, k.t.L The natural
interpretation of this passage is to make r) afcpoVoAis r\ vvv ovaa and to vtt' avrriv
together the subject of ir6\is ?jv (see Classen's note); and if this be correct, then
Thucydides vouches also for the fact that 'Evyedxpovvos, or KaAAipp6r), was on the
south of the Acropolis, i.e., near the Olympieion. But see Dyer's Ancient Athens,
pp. 517 ff.; opposed by Wachsmuth, pp. 174 ff.

f Hierokles, Hippiatr. (Meursius, Cecropia, p. 32) : Tapavr'tvos irrrope? rbv
rod Albs yecov icaraaKevd^ovras 'Adrjvalovs 'EvveaKpovvou irXrio~'iov eio~eAo,Q?)vai \pri<pi-
aaaOai rd e/c rys 'Attlk-Tis e« to aarv (,'eiry?) araavra. Here Dyer (pp. 5I7nC-)»
in order to support his theory, is forced to take 'EvveaKpovvou irK-qcriov with
eiae\ad?ivai.