DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.19574#0327
3oo ETC
fignifies a man's falling into Error, when his mind is darken-
ed with worldly concerns ; the ftaff, his being apt to ftumble,
if he take not the guide of the fpirit and of right reafon.
ESTEEM, cannot be reprefcnted, in drawing, &c. but by
attention, and by the motion of the parts of the face, which
feem fixed upon the object caufing this attention ; for then the
eye-brows will appear advanced forward over the eyes, being
deprefi'ed next the nofe, and the other ends a little rifing, the
eye very open, and the eye-ball turned upwards. The veins and
fctiufcles of the front, and about the eyes, will appear a little
{welled, the noftrils drawing downwards; the cheeks will be mo-
derately funk in about the jaws, the mouth a little open, the
corners drawing back and hanging downwards. See plate III.
ETCHING, is a method of engraving on copper, in which
the lines or ftrokes, infiead of being cut with a tool or graver,
are eaten in with aqua-fortis.
The invention of Etching, properly fo called, was much about
the fame time as engraving on copper, by Albert Durer and
Lucas.
Etching has feveral advantages over graving; as, firft, that it
is done with more eafe and expedition ; fecondly, that it re-
quires fewer inftruments ; and, thirdly, that it reprefents divers
kinds of fubjeccs better and more agreeably to nature, as land-
fcapes, ruins, grounds, and fmall, faint, loofe, remote objects,
buildings, &c.
The method of Etching is as follows : The copper-plate be-
ing prepared, well hammered, and polifhed as for engraving,
then fcrape fome chalk, and, with a clean linen rag, rub it well
over the plate, to free it from greafe ; heat it over the fire, and,
when hot, cover it over with a peculiar ground or varnifh.
When this ground or varnifh is laid on, it is blackened with
the fmoke of a candle ; and on this varnifh or ground, thus
blackened, the back of the defign or draught is laid, being firft.
rubbed over with red chalk.
This defign, being laid on, is to be calked or transferred upon
the varnifhed fide of the plate ; this is done by tracing over all
the lines or flrokes of the draught, with a needle or point, not
very fharp, which, preffing the paper clofe down to the ground,
caufes the wax to lay hold of the red chalk, and fo brings off
with it the marks of the feveral lines; fo that, at length, it lhews
a copy of the whole defign in all its correclnefs.
The draught or defign being thus calked, the etcher next pro-
ceeds to draw the feveral lines and contours, with a pointed tool,
through the grounds of the copper.
In doing this, he makes ufe of points of divers fizes, and prefTes
on them more ftronaly or lightly, according as the feveral parts
of
fignifies a man's falling into Error, when his mind is darken-
ed with worldly concerns ; the ftaff, his being apt to ftumble,
if he take not the guide of the fpirit and of right reafon.
ESTEEM, cannot be reprefcnted, in drawing, &c. but by
attention, and by the motion of the parts of the face, which
feem fixed upon the object caufing this attention ; for then the
eye-brows will appear advanced forward over the eyes, being
deprefi'ed next the nofe, and the other ends a little rifing, the
eye very open, and the eye-ball turned upwards. The veins and
fctiufcles of the front, and about the eyes, will appear a little
{welled, the noftrils drawing downwards; the cheeks will be mo-
derately funk in about the jaws, the mouth a little open, the
corners drawing back and hanging downwards. See plate III.
ETCHING, is a method of engraving on copper, in which
the lines or ftrokes, infiead of being cut with a tool or graver,
are eaten in with aqua-fortis.
The invention of Etching, properly fo called, was much about
the fame time as engraving on copper, by Albert Durer and
Lucas.
Etching has feveral advantages over graving; as, firft, that it
is done with more eafe and expedition ; fecondly, that it re-
quires fewer inftruments ; and, thirdly, that it reprefents divers
kinds of fubjeccs better and more agreeably to nature, as land-
fcapes, ruins, grounds, and fmall, faint, loofe, remote objects,
buildings, &c.
The method of Etching is as follows : The copper-plate be-
ing prepared, well hammered, and polifhed as for engraving,
then fcrape fome chalk, and, with a clean linen rag, rub it well
over the plate, to free it from greafe ; heat it over the fire, and,
when hot, cover it over with a peculiar ground or varnifh.
When this ground or varnifh is laid on, it is blackened with
the fmoke of a candle ; and on this varnifh or ground, thus
blackened, the back of the defign or draught is laid, being firft.
rubbed over with red chalk.
This defign, being laid on, is to be calked or transferred upon
the varnifhed fide of the plate ; this is done by tracing over all
the lines or flrokes of the draught, with a needle or point, not
very fharp, which, preffing the paper clofe down to the ground,
caufes the wax to lay hold of the red chalk, and fo brings off
with it the marks of the feveral lines; fo that, at length, it lhews
a copy of the whole defign in all its correclnefs.
The draught or defign being thus calked, the etcher next pro-
ceeds to draw the feveral lines and contours, with a pointed tool,
through the grounds of the copper.
In doing this, he makes ufe of points of divers fizes, and prefTes
on them more ftronaly or lightly, according as the feveral parts
of