DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.19574#0376
F O U 345
and fave the expence of metal. In bells it takes up all the in-
fide, and it preferves the vacant fpace where the clapper is hung.
In o-reat guns it forms the whole barrel from the mouth to the
breech, and in mortars the barrel and chamber
The wax is a reprefentation of the ftatue defigned in wax.
If it be a piece of fculpture, the wax muft be all of the fculp-
tor's own hand, who ufual]y fafhions it on the mould itfelf.
It may be wrought apart in cavities moulded or formed on a
model, and afterwards difpofed and arranged on the ribs of iron
over the grate as before ; filling the vacant fpace in the middle
with liquid plaifter and brick-duft; by which means the mould
or core is formed in proportion as the fculptor carries on the
wax.
When the wax, which is to be the. intended thicknefs of the
metal, is finifhed, there are little waxen tubes fitted perpendicu-
larly to it, from top to bottom, to ferve both as jets for the con-
veyance of the metal to all parts of the work, and as vent-holes
to give paflage to the air, which would otherwife occafion great
diforder, when the hot metal came to encompafs it.
The weight of the metal, that the figure will take up, is ad-
jufted by the weight of the wax ; ten pounds of metal being al-
lowed to one pound of wax.
The work now wants nothing but its {hell, with which it is
to be covered, and this is a kind of cruft or coat laid over the wax,
and which, being of a foft matter and even at fir ft liquid, eafily
takes and preferves the imprefiion of every part of it, which it
afterwards communicates to the metal, upon its taking the place
of the wax between the fhell and the mould.
The matter of this outward {hell or cover is varied, according
as the different lays or Itrata are applied.
The firft is a compofkion of putty and old crucibles, well
ground and fifted, and worked up with water, to the confiftence
of a colour fit for painting.
Accordingly it is applied with a pencil, laying it feven or eight
times over ; Letting it dry betwixt whiles.
For the fecond coating they lay horfes dung, and natural earth
to the former compofition, and the third irnpreffion is only
borfes dung and earth.
Laftly, the fhell is finifhed by laying on feveral more coats
or impreffions of this- laft matter, rendered very thick with the
hand.
The fhell, being thus finifhed, is ftrengthened and fecured by
feveral bands or girts of iron wound round it at half a foot dis-
tance from each other, and fattened at the bottom to the grate
under the ftatue, and at top to a circle of iron where^they all
terminate,
Here
and fave the expence of metal. In bells it takes up all the in-
fide, and it preferves the vacant fpace where the clapper is hung.
In o-reat guns it forms the whole barrel from the mouth to the
breech, and in mortars the barrel and chamber
The wax is a reprefentation of the ftatue defigned in wax.
If it be a piece of fculpture, the wax muft be all of the fculp-
tor's own hand, who ufual]y fafhions it on the mould itfelf.
It may be wrought apart in cavities moulded or formed on a
model, and afterwards difpofed and arranged on the ribs of iron
over the grate as before ; filling the vacant fpace in the middle
with liquid plaifter and brick-duft; by which means the mould
or core is formed in proportion as the fculptor carries on the
wax.
When the wax, which is to be the. intended thicknefs of the
metal, is finifhed, there are little waxen tubes fitted perpendicu-
larly to it, from top to bottom, to ferve both as jets for the con-
veyance of the metal to all parts of the work, and as vent-holes
to give paflage to the air, which would otherwife occafion great
diforder, when the hot metal came to encompafs it.
The weight of the metal, that the figure will take up, is ad-
jufted by the weight of the wax ; ten pounds of metal being al-
lowed to one pound of wax.
The work now wants nothing but its {hell, with which it is
to be covered, and this is a kind of cruft or coat laid over the wax,
and which, being of a foft matter and even at fir ft liquid, eafily
takes and preferves the imprefiion of every part of it, which it
afterwards communicates to the metal, upon its taking the place
of the wax between the fhell and the mould.
The matter of this outward {hell or cover is varied, according
as the different lays or Itrata are applied.
The firft is a compofkion of putty and old crucibles, well
ground and fifted, and worked up with water, to the confiftence
of a colour fit for painting.
Accordingly it is applied with a pencil, laying it feven or eight
times over ; Letting it dry betwixt whiles.
For the fecond coating they lay horfes dung, and natural earth
to the former compofition, and the third irnpreffion is only
borfes dung and earth.
Laftly, the fhell is finifhed by laying on feveral more coats
or impreffions of this- laft matter, rendered very thick with the
hand.
The fhell, being thus finifhed, is ftrengthened and fecured by
feveral bands or girts of iron wound round it at half a foot dis-
tance from each other, and fattened at the bottom to the grate
under the ftatue, and at top to a circle of iron where^they all
terminate,
Here