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12. The Gladiator and the Victory (Nike), sarcophagus, Rome, Museo Mussolini (after L. Curtius,

Zum Galliersarkophag..., op. cit.)

accordance with the known Greek texts with the exception of the one (Cod. Venet. Arc II cl.
363, X saec), and in contradistinction to the Syrian and Ethiopian translations, the Latin
paraphrase, and texts by Epiphanius and Andrew of Crete.

The same applies to the next two passages. Anne says to Joachim on his return home: „Now
I know that the Lord has bestowed a rich gift upon you (other editions: me), see, she who has
been a widów is one no Ionger, and neither is she childless; see, I have conceived in my womb"
(IV, 4).

The papyrus Bodm. V and the sources mentioned above give the Past Perfect form, while
the Futurę form occurs in editions containing Greek manuscripts. The Past Perfect form is un-
doubtedly original.

The average reader, for whom the work (Bodm. V) was intended, concluded from the narrative,
that Anne conceived in a miraculous way, not by Joachim. Some of the later authors (e.g. Andrew
of Crete in the 8th cent46) opposed the view. Under the influence of such polemics, copyists changed

46. Andrew of Crete, bishop of Gortine, c. 660—70, was the authoi of the four homilies for the Festum Nalwitclis Genitricis,
see fW. Gr., ool. 80K-J301.

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