DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14696#0067
20
The altars of Zeus Kataibdtes
the church named Panagias Koimesis is a broken base, the upper
surface of which is holed and inscribed :
AIOZ 'Of Zeus
K ATA I BAT EH Kataibdtes!
Near by lies the stele, which originally fitted into the hole1. At
Athens too Zeus Kataibdtes was worshipped2. A square base or
altar of Hymettian marble, built into a later fabric outside the pre-
cinct of Zeus Olympios to the north, had the same inscription as the
altars already mentioned : to judge from the shape of the letters, it
was erected in the first century B.C.8 It is known also that Zeus
Kataibdtes had an altar in or near the Akademeia, where he bore
the further title of Afdrios4. Finally, the cult of this deity is pre-
instituit deos fruge colere et mola salsa supplicare atque, ut auctor est Hemina [frag. 12
in Hist. Rom. frag. p. 70 Peter), far torrere, quoniam tostum cibo salubrius esset, id uno
modo consecutus, statuendo non esse purum ad rem divinam nisi tostum, 31-89 maxime
tamen in sacris intellegitur auctoritas (sc. salis), quando nulla conficiuntur sine mola
salsa, Pers. sat. 2. 75 farre litabo, Lucan. 1. 609 f. iam fundere Bacchum | coeperat obli-
quoque molas inducere cultro, Mart. ep. 7. 54. 1 ff. semper mane mihi de me tua somnia
narras, | ... | consumpsi salsasque molas et turis acervos, Sen. de benef. 1.6.3 boni etiam
farre ac fitilla religiosi sunt, Thyest. 687 f. non tura desunt, non sacer Bacchi liquor [
tangensve fusa victimam culter mola, Paul, ex Fest. p. 3, 10 f. Muller, p. 3, 19 ff. Lindsay
ador farris genus, edor quondam appellatum ab edendo, vel quod aduratur, ut fiat tostum,
unde in sacrificio mola salsa efficitur, p. 141, 31b Muller, p. 124, 13b Lindsay mola
etiam vocatur far tostum et sale sparsum, quod eo molito hostiae aspergantur, Serv. in
Yerg. Aen. 2. 133 sal et far quod dicitur mola salsa, qua et Irons victimae et foci asperge-
bantur et cultri: fiebant autem de horna fruge et horno sale, ut Horatius ' et horna fruge,'
interp. Serv. in Verg. eel. 8. 82 far enim pium, id est mola casta, salsa, utrumque enim
idem significat, ita fit: virgines Vestales tres maximae ex nonis Maiis ad pridie Idus
Maias alternis diebus spicas adoreas in corbibus niessuariis ponunt, easque spicas ipsae
virgines torrent, pinsunt, molunt, atque ita molitum condunt. ex eo farre virgines ter in
anno molam faciunt, Lupercalibus, Vestalibus, Idibus Septembribus, adiecto sale cocto et
sale duro.
1 O. Rubensohn in the Ath. Mitih. 1901 xxvi. 176 n. 1 Ai[6s] | KaTai.[f3dT~]eu, Collitz—
Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr. iii. 2. 177 in note on no. 4762 Aios Ka.Ta.Lfia.Teu, Itiscr. Gr. ins.
v. 1 no. 233 Aids I KaTat/3drew.
2 Schol. Aristoph. pax 42 Karcu/3<xT?;s 5e Tip.drai 6 Zei)s Trapa tols Adrjvaiois, rrapd to
Ka.Taflif3a.feiv rods Kepavvovs. r/ drro tCov Kepavvwv tQv dvwdev mrrrbvrLov. rj drrb tov
Karaf3aiveiv bC ipwra tGsv x^ov'-lcv yvvaiKCov (so F. Dtibner : cod. Rav. omits the second
explanation, and cod. Ven. the words rrap' 'Adr/vaiois) = Souid. s.v. KaTaif3d.Tr/s Zeus wap'
'Adr/vaioLS' napd to KaTa'Sifiafeiv tovs Kepavvovs. rj awo tov KaTaf3aiveiv 81' tpwra tcov
yvvaiK&v.
3 S. A. Kumanudis in the 'E</>. 'Apx- 1889 p. 61 f. no. 7 [A]i6s [ [K]aTai(3aTov, Corp.
itiscr. Ait. iv. 2 no. 1672 b • IO£ I -ATAIBATOY, W. Judeich Topograph le von
A then Miinchen 1905 p. 343.
4 Apollod. frag. 34 (Frag. hist. Gr. i. 434 Muller) ap. schol. Soph. O.C. 705 Mopiov
Alos : MopLov Aid elrrev tov eirbirTr)v tCjv fiopiiov e\aiQv Kal iarLv 6 Xeyopievos Mopios Zevs
< irepl' AKa8r)neiav > aJs (prjaLV ' AiroWobwpos, " irepl 'AKaSf}/j.eidv io~Tiv 6 re tov Karat/3drou
Aios f3wp.bs 6v Kai ^iloptov KaXovcn tG>v e/cei pLopiwv rrapa to rrjs 'Adrjvas iepov iSpu/xej'Wj',"
K. Wachsmuthin Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. i. 1133, W. Judeich Topographie vo7i A then
Miinchen 1905 p. 365. Infra § 3 (b).
The altars of Zeus Kataibdtes
the church named Panagias Koimesis is a broken base, the upper
surface of which is holed and inscribed :
AIOZ 'Of Zeus
K ATA I BAT EH Kataibdtes!
Near by lies the stele, which originally fitted into the hole1. At
Athens too Zeus Kataibdtes was worshipped2. A square base or
altar of Hymettian marble, built into a later fabric outside the pre-
cinct of Zeus Olympios to the north, had the same inscription as the
altars already mentioned : to judge from the shape of the letters, it
was erected in the first century B.C.8 It is known also that Zeus
Kataibdtes had an altar in or near the Akademeia, where he bore
the further title of Afdrios4. Finally, the cult of this deity is pre-
instituit deos fruge colere et mola salsa supplicare atque, ut auctor est Hemina [frag. 12
in Hist. Rom. frag. p. 70 Peter), far torrere, quoniam tostum cibo salubrius esset, id uno
modo consecutus, statuendo non esse purum ad rem divinam nisi tostum, 31-89 maxime
tamen in sacris intellegitur auctoritas (sc. salis), quando nulla conficiuntur sine mola
salsa, Pers. sat. 2. 75 farre litabo, Lucan. 1. 609 f. iam fundere Bacchum | coeperat obli-
quoque molas inducere cultro, Mart. ep. 7. 54. 1 ff. semper mane mihi de me tua somnia
narras, | ... | consumpsi salsasque molas et turis acervos, Sen. de benef. 1.6.3 boni etiam
farre ac fitilla religiosi sunt, Thyest. 687 f. non tura desunt, non sacer Bacchi liquor [
tangensve fusa victimam culter mola, Paul, ex Fest. p. 3, 10 f. Muller, p. 3, 19 ff. Lindsay
ador farris genus, edor quondam appellatum ab edendo, vel quod aduratur, ut fiat tostum,
unde in sacrificio mola salsa efficitur, p. 141, 31b Muller, p. 124, 13b Lindsay mola
etiam vocatur far tostum et sale sparsum, quod eo molito hostiae aspergantur, Serv. in
Yerg. Aen. 2. 133 sal et far quod dicitur mola salsa, qua et Irons victimae et foci asperge-
bantur et cultri: fiebant autem de horna fruge et horno sale, ut Horatius ' et horna fruge,'
interp. Serv. in Verg. eel. 8. 82 far enim pium, id est mola casta, salsa, utrumque enim
idem significat, ita fit: virgines Vestales tres maximae ex nonis Maiis ad pridie Idus
Maias alternis diebus spicas adoreas in corbibus niessuariis ponunt, easque spicas ipsae
virgines torrent, pinsunt, molunt, atque ita molitum condunt. ex eo farre virgines ter in
anno molam faciunt, Lupercalibus, Vestalibus, Idibus Septembribus, adiecto sale cocto et
sale duro.
1 O. Rubensohn in the Ath. Mitih. 1901 xxvi. 176 n. 1 Ai[6s] | KaTai.[f3dT~]eu, Collitz—
Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr. iii. 2. 177 in note on no. 4762 Aios Ka.Ta.Lfia.Teu, Itiscr. Gr. ins.
v. 1 no. 233 Aids I KaTat/3drew.
2 Schol. Aristoph. pax 42 Karcu/3<xT?;s 5e Tip.drai 6 Zei)s Trapa tols Adrjvaiois, rrapd to
Ka.Taflif3a.feiv rods Kepavvovs. r/ drro tCov Kepavvwv tQv dvwdev mrrrbvrLov. rj drrb tov
Karaf3aiveiv bC ipwra tGsv x^ov'-lcv yvvaiKCov (so F. Dtibner : cod. Rav. omits the second
explanation, and cod. Ven. the words rrap' 'Adr/vaiois) = Souid. s.v. KaTaif3d.Tr/s Zeus wap'
'Adr/vaioLS' napd to KaTa'Sifiafeiv tovs Kepavvovs. rj awo tov KaTaf3aiveiv 81' tpwra tcov
yvvaiK&v.
3 S. A. Kumanudis in the 'E</>. 'Apx- 1889 p. 61 f. no. 7 [A]i6s [ [K]aTai(3aTov, Corp.
itiscr. Ait. iv. 2 no. 1672 b • IO£ I -ATAIBATOY, W. Judeich Topograph le von
A then Miinchen 1905 p. 343.
4 Apollod. frag. 34 (Frag. hist. Gr. i. 434 Muller) ap. schol. Soph. O.C. 705 Mopiov
Alos : MopLov Aid elrrev tov eirbirTr)v tCjv fiopiiov e\aiQv Kal iarLv 6 Xeyopievos Mopios Zevs
< irepl' AKa8r)neiav > aJs (prjaLV ' AiroWobwpos, " irepl 'AKaSf}/j.eidv io~Tiv 6 re tov Karat/3drou
Aios f3wp.bs 6v Kai ^iloptov KaXovcn tG>v e/cei pLopiwv rrapa to rrjs 'Adrjvas iepov iSpu/xej'Wj',"
K. Wachsmuthin Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. i. 1133, W. Judeich Topographie vo7i A then
Miinchen 1905 p. 365. Infra § 3 (b).