DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14696#0799
Gradual elimination of the thunderbolt 723
Tyana in Kappadokia (supra p. 569 n. 4). But all deities by whom men swore were
opKioi deoi, and none more so than Zeus (Farnell Cults of Gk. States i. 69 f., O. Jessen in
Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. viii. 2408 f.), who is described as op/ctos by poets of the classical
and by prose-writers of the post-classical age (Soph. Phil. 1324 Ti9)va 5' opklov /caXtD, Eur.
Hipp. 1025 f. vvv 8' 6'p/ctoV <jol Zriva Kal iribov x^o^os | 6pLvvp.i k.t.X., Ap. Rhod. 4. 95 f.
Zeus aiirbs 'OXv/llttlos op/ctos iaTcc | "Hp?; re Tivyiri Aids ewens k.t.X., Loukian. Tim. 1 w ZeO
cptXte /cat £eVte Kal eraipele Kal ecpecfTie /cat dffTepoirrjTa /cat bpKie /cat vecpeXrjyepeTa /cat
epiybovne Kal et' rt ere dXXo ot ep^povT^TOL iroir\Tal /caXotVt, Souid. j.w. "Op/aos Zet;s. /cat,
"OpKiov cr kt\vt pov, /cat*' ov wpvvov ol (iacnXels• rj pd/35os (cp. et. Gud. p. 435, 17, Zonar. lex.
s.v. opKtov oKr)irTpov), Scholl—Studemund anecd. i. 265 'E7rt#era Atos no. 72 opKiov, 266
'ETridera Atos no. 67 bpdov, Favorin. p. 1377, 18 ff. opKios Zei)s /cat (piXios Kai
eratpotos (/<?£■. eratpetos), bpbyvios, 7rarpuios, 7rpos rot/rots ep/cetos, ecpearios 'Icovikuis • e^ ots
/cat £eVtos Kal 6 cppdrpios, Koiva eirldera rod Atos). Accordingly, his wife is op/cta Themis
(Eur. Med. 208 rdc Zrjvbs bpKiav Qep.iv, cp. 168 ff. Kair^odrai \ Qepuv evKTaiav Zr]vd 6',
Ss bpKwv I 6v7)Toh Ta/xias vevop-icTTai) and his child the personified "Op/cos (Soph. O.C. 1767
Xu> 7rd^r' dtuw At6s "Op/cos, where Sir R. C. Jebb rendered ' servant of Zeus' because Hes.
o.d. 804 makes Horkos the son of Eris). An actual cult of Zeus 'E<p6p/ctos is to be inferred
from Hesych. s.v. 'E06p/ctos- Zei)s feV/ctTai'wrd/xaTt (J. Alberti prints Musurus' cj. ev
Tltclvwi' Ta.yfj.aTi, M. Schmidt cj. ev IItTdi'77 rt/xdrat. Ptol. 5. 13. 16 mentions KirapLov as
a town in Armenia Maior. Kltlov in Kypros is less probable).
Zeus 'Op&Tpt.os is known from a treaty (s. ii B.C.) between Hierapytna and Lyttos
(Michel Recueil d'Inscr. gr. no. 29, 13 ff. op/cos AvktIuv bp.vvu> tclv 'Ecrjiav Kal Zfjva
'Opdrpiov Kal tclv 'Adavaiav 'QXepiav Kal Zijva \ Mo[vvltlov Kal "Hp]av /cat 'Adavaiav
IloXtdcia Kal ' AirbXXccva IIuTtoe /cat Aarto Kal "Apea /cat 'A<ppo8'iTav Kal EccprjTas /cat
Nfi/xc/>as /cat deos Trdvras Kal Trdcras' k.t.X., 19 ff. bpKos'lepairvTvicov • opvvco Tav EcrTtaf /cat
'Lrjva 'Opdrptof /cat 'Adavaiav 'HXepiav /ca|[t] Zi^a ~Movv'ltlov KaV'Upav Kal'Adavaiav IIoXtd<5a
Kal 'AirbXXwva Ilurtoi' /cat Aaroj Kal"Apea Kal 'A<ppool\rav Kal Kwp-^ras /cat ~Svp.(pas /cat c?eds
■rravTas Kal wdcra%- k.t.X.), from another, of approximately the same date, between
Hierapytna and one of its colonies (Corp. inscr. Gr. ii no. 2555, u ff. = F. Blass in
Collitz—Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr. iii. 2. 311 f. no. 5039, 11 ff. op/cos ^7 opvvco rdc
EcrTiav /cat Ti^a 'Op&TpLov /cat Tfjva | Alktolov Kal 'Upav KaVAdavaiav'flXepiav Kal 'Adavaiav
IloXtdSa I /cat 'A^afata^ ^aXfxcoviav /cat 'A7r6XXaifa Hvdiov Kal Aarw /cat "Ap[re]j^ty /cat
"Apea Kal 'AcppoSirav Kal Kwp^ras /cat N('^0as /cat tos Kup^df[ras /cat debs travTas Kal
7rdcras- /c.r.X.), and from a third, somewhat later, between Gortyna and Hierapytna on
the one side and Priansos on the other (F. Blass in Collitz—Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr. iii.
2. 301 ff. no. 5024, 59 ff. bpKos II[ptaf crtecov. ] | [6fj.]vvu} tolv 'lariav Kal Trrjva [Btodrai'--
(R. Bergmann suggests /cat TT?}ca Aiktcuov?) /cat Trijva] \ [~k]vXlov /cat iTrjva 'OpaTpiov
[«:at "Hpaf /cat--/cat 'A]j[^a^]ataf 'tlXepiav Kal 'AwoXXwyla Hvtiov Kal Aartb KapTep.lv
Kapea Kal 'A]j[0po]5tra!' /cat 'Eppav [k]clI ELv[pj3avTas /cat Kwp^ras Kal ~Svp.(pas /cat
TXt]j[#i>t]a/' BivaTiav Kal dibs 7rdfr[as /cat 7rdfcras' k.t.X.J, 75 ff. o[p/c]os T\_op][[Tvviwv /cat
'lapawvTviwv.] bp.vvw tclv 'lariav Kal T[Ti)]\[va Bib&Tav--(R. Bergmann suggests /cat
'Y.Trjva AiKTalov ?) /cat TrJ^^a 2/cuXtot' /cat Tr^fa ['Opa]\[Tpiov Kal "Hpav--] /cat 'Adavaiav
'i2Xepiav /ca[t 'A]|[7reXXa)^a Ilurtof /cat Aaro) KO.prep.iv /cdpeja KcicppobtTav /cat ''Epp.av
/ca[t] I [Kup/SafTas /cat Kwp-^ras /cat TSv/j.<pas Kal 'IXid]vLav EivaTiav /cat ^tos -^d^ras Kai
Trd^cras, k.t.X. K. Hoeck Kreta Gdttingen 1829 iii. 14011. ». wanted to read /cat At'a
vdrpLOv Kal Ata | AiKTalov in the second inscription. A. Boeckh in the Corp. inscr. Gr. ii.
411 proposed /cat [Z]aca [3?]paTpioi>, /ca[t 7,d]va At/cratoc. But modern philologists (F. W.
Schneidewin in Philologus 1854 ix. 699 n. 2, H. Voretzsch in Hermes 1870 iv. 273,
R. Meister in G. Curtius Studien zur griechischen und laleinischen Grammatik Leipzig
1871 iv. 406 f., E. Boisacq Les dialectes doriens Paris 1891 p. 114, A. Thumb Handbuch
der griechischen Dialekte Heidelberg 1909 p. 127) recognise 'Opdrpiov = Fpdrpiov, the 'Pro-
tector of Laws and Treaties' (prjrpai). ' The epithet would then be of Elean source (cf.
El. rpdTpa = pJiTpa...), or else contain hyper-Doric d' (C. D. Buck Introduction to the
Study of the Greek Dialects Boston 1910 p. 277 n.).
46-2
Tyana in Kappadokia (supra p. 569 n. 4). But all deities by whom men swore were
opKioi deoi, and none more so than Zeus (Farnell Cults of Gk. States i. 69 f., O. Jessen in
Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. viii. 2408 f.), who is described as op/ctos by poets of the classical
and by prose-writers of the post-classical age (Soph. Phil. 1324 Ti9)va 5' opklov /caXtD, Eur.
Hipp. 1025 f. vvv 8' 6'p/ctoV <jol Zriva Kal iribov x^o^os | 6pLvvp.i k.t.X., Ap. Rhod. 4. 95 f.
Zeus aiirbs 'OXv/llttlos op/ctos iaTcc | "Hp?; re Tivyiri Aids ewens k.t.X., Loukian. Tim. 1 w ZeO
cptXte /cat £eVte Kal eraipele Kal ecpecfTie /cat dffTepoirrjTa /cat bpKie /cat vecpeXrjyepeTa /cat
epiybovne Kal et' rt ere dXXo ot ep^povT^TOL iroir\Tal /caXotVt, Souid. j.w. "Op/aos Zet;s. /cat,
"OpKiov cr kt\vt pov, /cat*' ov wpvvov ol (iacnXels• rj pd/35os (cp. et. Gud. p. 435, 17, Zonar. lex.
s.v. opKtov oKr)irTpov), Scholl—Studemund anecd. i. 265 'E7rt#era Atos no. 72 opKiov, 266
'ETridera Atos no. 67 bpdov, Favorin. p. 1377, 18 ff. opKios Zei)s /cat (piXios Kai
eratpotos (/<?£■. eratpetos), bpbyvios, 7rarpuios, 7rpos rot/rots ep/cetos, ecpearios 'Icovikuis • e^ ots
/cat £eVtos Kal 6 cppdrpios, Koiva eirldera rod Atos). Accordingly, his wife is op/cta Themis
(Eur. Med. 208 rdc Zrjvbs bpKiav Qep.iv, cp. 168 ff. Kair^odrai \ Qepuv evKTaiav Zr]vd 6',
Ss bpKwv I 6v7)Toh Ta/xias vevop-icTTai) and his child the personified "Op/cos (Soph. O.C. 1767
Xu> 7rd^r' dtuw At6s "Op/cos, where Sir R. C. Jebb rendered ' servant of Zeus' because Hes.
o.d. 804 makes Horkos the son of Eris). An actual cult of Zeus 'E<p6p/ctos is to be inferred
from Hesych. s.v. 'E06p/ctos- Zei)s feV/ctTai'wrd/xaTt (J. Alberti prints Musurus' cj. ev
Tltclvwi' Ta.yfj.aTi, M. Schmidt cj. ev IItTdi'77 rt/xdrat. Ptol. 5. 13. 16 mentions KirapLov as
a town in Armenia Maior. Kltlov in Kypros is less probable).
Zeus 'Op&Tpt.os is known from a treaty (s. ii B.C.) between Hierapytna and Lyttos
(Michel Recueil d'Inscr. gr. no. 29, 13 ff. op/cos AvktIuv bp.vvu> tclv 'Ecrjiav Kal Zfjva
'Opdrpiov Kal tclv 'Adavaiav 'QXepiav Kal Zijva \ Mo[vvltlov Kal "Hp]av /cat 'Adavaiav
IloXtdcia Kal ' AirbXXccva IIuTtoe /cat Aarto Kal "Apea /cat 'A<ppo8'iTav Kal EccprjTas /cat
Nfi/xc/>as /cat deos Trdvras Kal Trdcras' k.t.X., 19 ff. bpKos'lepairvTvicov • opvvco Tav EcrTtaf /cat
'Lrjva 'Opdrptof /cat 'Adavaiav 'HXepiav /ca|[t] Zi^a ~Movv'ltlov KaV'Upav Kal'Adavaiav IIoXtd<5a
Kal 'AirbXXwva Ilurtoi' /cat Aaroj Kal"Apea Kal 'A<ppool\rav Kal Kwp-^ras /cat ~Svp.(pas /cat c?eds
■rravTas Kal wdcra%- k.t.X.), from another, of approximately the same date, between
Hierapytna and one of its colonies (Corp. inscr. Gr. ii no. 2555, u ff. = F. Blass in
Collitz—Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr. iii. 2. 311 f. no. 5039, 11 ff. op/cos ^7 opvvco rdc
EcrTiav /cat Ti^a 'Op&TpLov /cat Tfjva | Alktolov Kal 'Upav KaVAdavaiav'flXepiav Kal 'Adavaiav
IloXtdSa I /cat 'A^afata^ ^aXfxcoviav /cat 'A7r6XXaifa Hvdiov Kal Aarw /cat "Ap[re]j^ty /cat
"Apea Kal 'AcppoSirav Kal Kwp^ras /cat N('^0as /cat tos Kup^df[ras /cat debs travTas Kal
7rdcras- /c.r.X.), and from a third, somewhat later, between Gortyna and Hierapytna on
the one side and Priansos on the other (F. Blass in Collitz—Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr. iii.
2. 301 ff. no. 5024, 59 ff. bpKos II[ptaf crtecov. ] | [6fj.]vvu} tolv 'lariav Kal Trrjva [Btodrai'--
(R. Bergmann suggests /cat TT?}ca Aiktcuov?) /cat Trijva] \ [~k]vXlov /cat iTrjva 'OpaTpiov
[«:at "Hpaf /cat--/cat 'A]j[^a^]ataf 'tlXepiav Kal 'AwoXXwyla Hvtiov Kal Aartb KapTep.lv
Kapea Kal 'A]j[0po]5tra!' /cat 'Eppav [k]clI ELv[pj3avTas /cat Kwp^ras Kal ~Svp.(pas /cat
TXt]j[#i>t]a/' BivaTiav Kal dibs 7rdfr[as /cat 7rdfcras' k.t.X.J, 75 ff. o[p/c]os T\_op][[Tvviwv /cat
'lapawvTviwv.] bp.vvw tclv 'lariav Kal T[Ti)]\[va Bib&Tav--(R. Bergmann suggests /cat
'Y.Trjva AiKTalov ?) /cat TrJ^^a 2/cuXtot' /cat Tr^fa ['Opa]\[Tpiov Kal "Hpav--] /cat 'Adavaiav
'i2Xepiav /ca[t 'A]|[7reXXa)^a Ilurtof /cat Aaro) KO.prep.iv /cdpeja KcicppobtTav /cat ''Epp.av
/ca[t] I [Kup/SafTas /cat Kwp-^ras /cat TSv/j.<pas Kal 'IXid]vLav EivaTiav /cat ^tos -^d^ras Kai
Trd^cras, k.t.X. K. Hoeck Kreta Gdttingen 1829 iii. 14011. ». wanted to read /cat At'a
vdrpLOv Kal Ata | AiKTalov in the second inscription. A. Boeckh in the Corp. inscr. Gr. ii.
411 proposed /cat [Z]aca [3?]paTpioi>, /ca[t 7,d]va At/cratoc. But modern philologists (F. W.
Schneidewin in Philologus 1854 ix. 699 n. 2, H. Voretzsch in Hermes 1870 iv. 273,
R. Meister in G. Curtius Studien zur griechischen und laleinischen Grammatik Leipzig
1871 iv. 406 f., E. Boisacq Les dialectes doriens Paris 1891 p. 114, A. Thumb Handbuch
der griechischen Dialekte Heidelberg 1909 p. 127) recognise 'Opdrpiov = Fpdrpiov, the 'Pro-
tector of Laws and Treaties' (prjrpai). ' The epithet would then be of Elean source (cf.
El. rpdTpa = pJiTpa...), or else contain hyper-Doric d' (C. D. Buck Introduction to the
Study of the Greek Dialects Boston 1910 p. 277 n.).
46-2