Dennis, George: The cities and cemeteries of Etruria: in two volumes (Band 1) (London, 1848)

introduction.] AND RECORDED BY THE ANCIENTS. xli

remark that the Mysians, Lydians, Carians, Lycians, and
Phrygians being cognate races, inhabiting adjoining lands, what
is recorded of one is generally applicable to all.1 "The
ascendancy of the Lydian dynasty in Asia Minor, with its
empire (real or fabulous) of the sea during its flourishing ages,
would naturally impart to any such tradition a Lydian form.
In any attempt, therefore, to illustrate the Etruscan origin or
manners from Asiatic sources, our appeals may safely be
extended to the neighbouring, whether kindred, or merely
connected, races."2 The sports, games, and dances of the
Etruscans, adopted by the Romans, are traditionally of Lydian
origin. The musical instruments on which they excelled were
introduced from Asia Minor,—the double-pipes from Phrygia,3
the trumpet from Lydia.4 Their luxurious habits were so
strictly oriental, that almost the same language is used in
describing them and those of the Lydians.5 Dionysius himself,
after having stated that there was no resemblance whatever
between the customs of the Etruscans and Lydians, points out
that the purple robes worn in Etruria as insignia of authority,
were similar to those of the Lydian and Persian monarchs, dif-
fering only in form.6 Even the common national robe, the toga,

' ' Herodotus (I. 171) calls the Ca- Etrusk. IV. 1, 4. According to an-

rians, Mysians, and Lydians, Kaai-yvtyroi. other tradition Pisseus was the inven-

Strabo (XIII. p. 628) says the boun- tor. Plin. VII. 57. The current belief,

daries between Lydia, Phrygia, Caria, however, was that the tuba was of

and Mysia, could not be determined, and Etruscan origin. Virg. JEn. VIII.

had given rise to great confusion. Cf. 526 ; Serv. in loe.; Strabo, V. p. 220 ;

XIV. p. 678 ; Plin. V. 30. Diodor. V. p. 316 ; Sil. Ital. II. 19 ;

3 Quarterly Review, No. CLI. p. 56. iEschyl. Eumen. 570 ; Sophoc. Aj. 17 ;

3 Plin. VII. 57. Clem. Alex. Strom. Athen. IV. p. 184 ; Clem. Alex. Strom.
I. p. 306. The Lydian pipes were also I. p. 306 ; Pollux, IV. 11. See Miiller,
famous. Pind. Olymp. V. Etrusk. IV. 1, 3—5. Silius Italicus

4 One tradition ascribes the invention marks Vetulonia as the site of its in-
of the trumpet to Tyrrhenus, the Lydian vention, VIII. 490.

colonist of Etruria. Sil. Ital. V. 12 ; s Athen. XV. e. 12, p. 690 ; Theo-

Pausan. II. 21 ; cf. Serv. ad Virg. Mn, I. pomp. ap. eund. XII. c. 3, p. 515—518 ;

67. Another refers it to Maleus, the Diod. Sic. V. p. 316.; Posidon. ap.

Etruscan prince of Regisviila (Lactant. Athen. IV. c. 13, p. 153. So Anacreon

ad Stat. Theb. IV. 224) ; but as Maleus uses AvSoTradtjs for rfixmnMis (Athen. xv.

is also said to have been the son of p. 690), and vEschylus (Pers. 41) speaks

Omphale, the two traditions are thus of the a&potiiaiToi AvSoi.

intimately connected. See Miiller, 6 Dion. Hal. III. p. 195. The oriental