DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.4327#0042
PRIENE.
33
so free that the stoutest possible proportion was there the
most appropriate in an architectural sense, and the
example does not consequently apply to any peristyle
arrangement.
Plates IX. and X.
The Ordek.
The order used at Priene is of a singularly pure and
elegant class. It is perhaps not more elegant and is
certainly less richly ornamented than that employed at
the Sminthium, described further on (Plate xxix.), but
for a monumental order applied to an edifice of such
simplicity of outline as the Temple of Priene it seems
unexceptionable.
The base with one bold torus fluted horizontally is
perhaps preferable to one with two toruses, of nearly equal
section as in the Sminthium, but as a rule taller and more
ornamental bases seem generally to be a desideratum in
the Ionic order. There is no novelty in the capital, but
the plates clearly suggest the question whether or not it
would be better that a metal fillet should be placed above
the ogee moulding of the abacus. It seems certain that
metal in some shape was introduced into the eye of the
volute, and Messrs. Rayet and Thomas found traces of blue
and red colour in various parts of the capital (Milet, &c.
Plate 14), so that the gilding of a metal adjunct seems
almost indispensable to complete the harmony. This is the
more probable on account of the unfinished unconstructive
look of its present appearance. The metal fillet does not,
however, so far as is known, occur elseAvhere in such a
position.
The entablature of the Sminthium has a considerable
amount of additional ornament, and seems better to accord
with the sculpture of its Zophorus than was the case at
Priene. In the drawing (Plate ix.), where the sculpture of
the frieze is omitted, the whole looks harmonious and
appropriate, but with the sculpture introduced the plain
lines of the architrave are hardly in keeping with the rest
of the composition. In the Sminthium these defects have
been avoided.
Plate XI.
Details oe the Order.
A. Section of the base of the order drawn to the scale of
8 inches to 1 foot, or two-thirds the real size.
B. Apophysis of inner order.
C. Cornice of a pedestal.
Plate XII.
Mouldings.
Section of mouldings, partly belonging to the temple of
Athene Polias, partly to objects found in the temenos
whose original position could not be accurately ascertained.
Plate XIII.
Base and cornice mouldings oe pedestals from
Pronaos.
A. Cornice of marble stele, temenos.
B. Base of pedestal of statue.
C. Cornice of pedestal of statue.
D. Base of an oblong pedestal on north side of pronaos.
E. Cornice found in temenos.
F. Architrave of door in posticum.
G. Cornice found in temenos.
H. Base of stele found in temenos.
I. Square base in temenos.
K. Base of pedestal found in pronaos.
K
Plate XIV.
View oe Temple looking East, erom a photograph.
Represents the appearance of the posticum after the site
was cleared from the mass of fallen blocks which encum-
bered it. The outline of what was once the gulf of Latinos
is seen in the distance. Most of it is now either marsh or
partially cultivated land.
Plate XV.
View from Pronaos looking west.
Represents the appearance of the cella of the Temple when
cleared out. The position of the pedestal of the colossal
statue is clearly shown in the view, as well as that of the
pedestals in the pronaos. The frusta of the two pillars of
the posticum, which were prominent in the last plate, are
seen over the cella walls. Beyond is the rocky ridge at
the foot of which the Temple was situated. The whole is
from a photograph.
Plates XVI. and XVII.
Views of the Posticum.
Views of the remains of the posticum, from different
points of view to a larger scale. Engraved from photo-
graphs.
Plate XVIII.
Capitals of Ant\e.
The three upper figures in this Plate are engraved from
photographs of fragments now in the British Museum. The
fourth, or lowest figure, is a restoration of one of the
capitals of the Antas in so far as it can be, with certainty,
made out.
It will be observed that in the centre of each of the
acanthus leaves, from which the anthemion, or so-called
honeysuckle ornament, springs, there is a sinking, more
clearly seen in the marble than expressed in the engraving,
of the three upper figures. From its form it seems almost
certain that some metallic ornament was attached to the
capital at this place, though of what shape and for what
purpose it is now impossible to say. In its present state
any such adjunct even if gilded would appear, no doubt,
very tawdry and out of place, but when the whole was
richly coloured, and many parts heightened by gilding,
such an insertion might be employed not only in the most
correct taste but so as to contribute to the artistic effect
to an extent one can now hardly appreciate. That metal
was used to heighten the effect of the capitals of the main
order seems hardly doubtful, and if so its employment
here seems only natural.
Plate XIX.
Fragments of a frieze found at Priene.
This Plate gives four of the best preserved fragments of
this frieze, of which, as has been already stated, ante, p.
30, many pieces were found in the ruins of the temple
of Athene at Priene, and are now in the British Museum.
In the lower right hand comer of the Plate is a kneeling
male figure, winged, and with his lower extremities termi-
nating in serpents. The right arm, now wanting, has been
extended to the right, probably to avert a blow; a mantle
is twisted round his left arm.
Though the head of this figure is wanting, the winged
anguipede type shows that it represents a Giant, and a
study of the numerous other fragments of this frieze leads
to the conclusion that the subject was a Gigantomachia, in
which doubtless Athene herself took a distinguished part.
Height 1 ft. 2 in.
33
so free that the stoutest possible proportion was there the
most appropriate in an architectural sense, and the
example does not consequently apply to any peristyle
arrangement.
Plates IX. and X.
The Ordek.
The order used at Priene is of a singularly pure and
elegant class. It is perhaps not more elegant and is
certainly less richly ornamented than that employed at
the Sminthium, described further on (Plate xxix.), but
for a monumental order applied to an edifice of such
simplicity of outline as the Temple of Priene it seems
unexceptionable.
The base with one bold torus fluted horizontally is
perhaps preferable to one with two toruses, of nearly equal
section as in the Sminthium, but as a rule taller and more
ornamental bases seem generally to be a desideratum in
the Ionic order. There is no novelty in the capital, but
the plates clearly suggest the question whether or not it
would be better that a metal fillet should be placed above
the ogee moulding of the abacus. It seems certain that
metal in some shape was introduced into the eye of the
volute, and Messrs. Rayet and Thomas found traces of blue
and red colour in various parts of the capital (Milet, &c.
Plate 14), so that the gilding of a metal adjunct seems
almost indispensable to complete the harmony. This is the
more probable on account of the unfinished unconstructive
look of its present appearance. The metal fillet does not,
however, so far as is known, occur elseAvhere in such a
position.
The entablature of the Sminthium has a considerable
amount of additional ornament, and seems better to accord
with the sculpture of its Zophorus than was the case at
Priene. In the drawing (Plate ix.), where the sculpture of
the frieze is omitted, the whole looks harmonious and
appropriate, but with the sculpture introduced the plain
lines of the architrave are hardly in keeping with the rest
of the composition. In the Sminthium these defects have
been avoided.
Plate XI.
Details oe the Order.
A. Section of the base of the order drawn to the scale of
8 inches to 1 foot, or two-thirds the real size.
B. Apophysis of inner order.
C. Cornice of a pedestal.
Plate XII.
Mouldings.
Section of mouldings, partly belonging to the temple of
Athene Polias, partly to objects found in the temenos
whose original position could not be accurately ascertained.
Plate XIII.
Base and cornice mouldings oe pedestals from
Pronaos.
A. Cornice of marble stele, temenos.
B. Base of pedestal of statue.
C. Cornice of pedestal of statue.
D. Base of an oblong pedestal on north side of pronaos.
E. Cornice found in temenos.
F. Architrave of door in posticum.
G. Cornice found in temenos.
H. Base of stele found in temenos.
I. Square base in temenos.
K. Base of pedestal found in pronaos.
K
Plate XIV.
View oe Temple looking East, erom a photograph.
Represents the appearance of the posticum after the site
was cleared from the mass of fallen blocks which encum-
bered it. The outline of what was once the gulf of Latinos
is seen in the distance. Most of it is now either marsh or
partially cultivated land.
Plate XV.
View from Pronaos looking west.
Represents the appearance of the cella of the Temple when
cleared out. The position of the pedestal of the colossal
statue is clearly shown in the view, as well as that of the
pedestals in the pronaos. The frusta of the two pillars of
the posticum, which were prominent in the last plate, are
seen over the cella walls. Beyond is the rocky ridge at
the foot of which the Temple was situated. The whole is
from a photograph.
Plates XVI. and XVII.
Views of the Posticum.
Views of the remains of the posticum, from different
points of view to a larger scale. Engraved from photo-
graphs.
Plate XVIII.
Capitals of Ant\e.
The three upper figures in this Plate are engraved from
photographs of fragments now in the British Museum. The
fourth, or lowest figure, is a restoration of one of the
capitals of the Antas in so far as it can be, with certainty,
made out.
It will be observed that in the centre of each of the
acanthus leaves, from which the anthemion, or so-called
honeysuckle ornament, springs, there is a sinking, more
clearly seen in the marble than expressed in the engraving,
of the three upper figures. From its form it seems almost
certain that some metallic ornament was attached to the
capital at this place, though of what shape and for what
purpose it is now impossible to say. In its present state
any such adjunct even if gilded would appear, no doubt,
very tawdry and out of place, but when the whole was
richly coloured, and many parts heightened by gilding,
such an insertion might be employed not only in the most
correct taste but so as to contribute to the artistic effect
to an extent one can now hardly appreciate. That metal
was used to heighten the effect of the capitals of the main
order seems hardly doubtful, and if so its employment
here seems only natural.
Plate XIX.
Fragments of a frieze found at Priene.
This Plate gives four of the best preserved fragments of
this frieze, of which, as has been already stated, ante, p.
30, many pieces were found in the ruins of the temple
of Athene at Priene, and are now in the British Museum.
In the lower right hand comer of the Plate is a kneeling
male figure, winged, and with his lower extremities termi-
nating in serpents. The right arm, now wanting, has been
extended to the right, probably to avert a blow; a mantle
is twisted round his left arm.
Though the head of this figure is wanting, the winged
anguipede type shows that it represents a Giant, and a
study of the numerous other fragments of this frieze leads
to the conclusion that the subject was a Gigantomachia, in
which doubtless Athene herself took a distinguished part.
Height 1 ft. 2 in.