DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.20658#0049
ANATOMY.
concave. The crista, or spine, has two tuberosities, situated one at the anterior, and the other at the
posterior part, which are called spinal processes.—The os ischium, or hip-bone, forms the lower
lateral parts of the pelvis. It is of an irregular figure, and divided into its body, tuberosity, and
ramus. The body forms the lower and most considerable part of the acetabulum, and has a sharp-
pointed process at its posterior part, called the spine of the ischium. The tuberosity is the lowest
part of the trunk of the body, is large and irregular, and serves to support us when we sit. The
ramus, or branch, proceeds from this tuberosity, and, passing forwards and upwards, concurs with
the ramus of the os pubis to form a large avenue, called the for amen magnum ischii. The os pubis,
which,with its fellow, forms the fore-part of the pelvis, is the least division of the os innominatnm.
It is united to its fellow-bone by a strong cartilage, which forms what is called symphysis pubis.
Each os pubis consists of a body, angle, and ramus : the body, which is the outer part, is united
to the os ilium : the angle helps to form the symphysis; and the ramus is a thin process, uniting
w ith the ramus of the ischium, to form the foramen thyroideum.
3. The extremities are divided into the upper and lower extremity. The upper extremities
consist of the shoulders, arms, and hands. The lower extremities contain the thighs, legs, and
feet.
The shoulder consists oPtwo bones, the clavicula and the scapula. The clavicula, sometimes
called the jugulum, or collar-bone, is not thicker than the little finger, but longer. The body runs
somewhat flat: the anterior extremity has a head nearly triangular, and rather convex, articulated
at its inferior surface with the sternum. The other extremity is flatter and broader, and connected
to the acromion, or a process of the scapula. The uses of this bone are to regulate the motions of
the scapula, and thereby prevent its being brought too forward, or driven too backward. It gives
origin to several muscles, and protects from external injury the subclavian vessels.
The scapula, or shoulder-blade, is fixed to the hinder part of the true ribs, somewhat in the man-
ner of a buckler. In shape it is nearly triangular ; convex externally, and internally concave, to
fit it to the form of the ribs. It has three unequal sides : the largest, called the basis, is next to the
vertebrae. The side next in size is below, and the least side is at the upper part. A considerable
spine rises on the exterior part, and divides the surface of the bone into two fossae. This spine ter-
minates in a broad process at the top of the shoulder, called the processus acromion; to which the
clavicle is articulated. It has also another process at its upper part, resembling the beak of a bird,
and from thence called the coracoid process; and a third process is also placed on its upper part,
called glenoid, for the articulation of the os humeri. The scapula is articulated both with the cla-
vicle and os humeri. It serves as a fulcrum to the latter, and, by varying its position, gives a
greater scope to the bones of the arms in their motions. In its hinder part, it serves as a defence
to the trunk ; and also gives origin to several muscles.
The arm is divided into two parts, articulated together at the elbow: that part from the shoulder
to the elbow, is properly called the arm. The other part, from the elhow to the wrist, is called the
fore-arm. The bone of the arm, or os humeri, is of a cylindrical shape, except at its extremities.
The upper extremity has a large, round, smooth head, which is admitted into the glenoid cavity of
the scapula. On the upper part of the bone, anteriorly, is a groove for receiving the long head of.
the biceps muscle ; on each side of this groove is a tubercle, to which are fixed the spinati muscles.
The lower extremity has several processes and cavities : the principal processes are its exterior and
interior condyles; the latter being the largest. Between these are placed two lateral protuberances,
which>
concave. The crista, or spine, has two tuberosities, situated one at the anterior, and the other at the
posterior part, which are called spinal processes.—The os ischium, or hip-bone, forms the lower
lateral parts of the pelvis. It is of an irregular figure, and divided into its body, tuberosity, and
ramus. The body forms the lower and most considerable part of the acetabulum, and has a sharp-
pointed process at its posterior part, called the spine of the ischium. The tuberosity is the lowest
part of the trunk of the body, is large and irregular, and serves to support us when we sit. The
ramus, or branch, proceeds from this tuberosity, and, passing forwards and upwards, concurs with
the ramus of the os pubis to form a large avenue, called the for amen magnum ischii. The os pubis,
which,with its fellow, forms the fore-part of the pelvis, is the least division of the os innominatnm.
It is united to its fellow-bone by a strong cartilage, which forms what is called symphysis pubis.
Each os pubis consists of a body, angle, and ramus : the body, which is the outer part, is united
to the os ilium : the angle helps to form the symphysis; and the ramus is a thin process, uniting
w ith the ramus of the ischium, to form the foramen thyroideum.
3. The extremities are divided into the upper and lower extremity. The upper extremities
consist of the shoulders, arms, and hands. The lower extremities contain the thighs, legs, and
feet.
The shoulder consists oPtwo bones, the clavicula and the scapula. The clavicula, sometimes
called the jugulum, or collar-bone, is not thicker than the little finger, but longer. The body runs
somewhat flat: the anterior extremity has a head nearly triangular, and rather convex, articulated
at its inferior surface with the sternum. The other extremity is flatter and broader, and connected
to the acromion, or a process of the scapula. The uses of this bone are to regulate the motions of
the scapula, and thereby prevent its being brought too forward, or driven too backward. It gives
origin to several muscles, and protects from external injury the subclavian vessels.
The scapula, or shoulder-blade, is fixed to the hinder part of the true ribs, somewhat in the man-
ner of a buckler. In shape it is nearly triangular ; convex externally, and internally concave, to
fit it to the form of the ribs. It has three unequal sides : the largest, called the basis, is next to the
vertebrae. The side next in size is below, and the least side is at the upper part. A considerable
spine rises on the exterior part, and divides the surface of the bone into two fossae. This spine ter-
minates in a broad process at the top of the shoulder, called the processus acromion; to which the
clavicle is articulated. It has also another process at its upper part, resembling the beak of a bird,
and from thence called the coracoid process; and a third process is also placed on its upper part,
called glenoid, for the articulation of the os humeri. The scapula is articulated both with the cla-
vicle and os humeri. It serves as a fulcrum to the latter, and, by varying its position, gives a
greater scope to the bones of the arms in their motions. In its hinder part, it serves as a defence
to the trunk ; and also gives origin to several muscles.
The arm is divided into two parts, articulated together at the elbow: that part from the shoulder
to the elbow, is properly called the arm. The other part, from the elhow to the wrist, is called the
fore-arm. The bone of the arm, or os humeri, is of a cylindrical shape, except at its extremities.
The upper extremity has a large, round, smooth head, which is admitted into the glenoid cavity of
the scapula. On the upper part of the bone, anteriorly, is a groove for receiving the long head of.
the biceps muscle ; on each side of this groove is a tubercle, to which are fixed the spinati muscles.
The lower extremity has several processes and cavities : the principal processes are its exterior and
interior condyles; the latter being the largest. Between these are placed two lateral protuberances,
which>