DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.20658#0388
374
APPENDIX.
manner two stones are prepared:—in giving the rough polish to the stones, it is rather difficult
to avoid coarse lines or furrows, occasioned by sharp sand grains. On a plate thus disfigured,
no drawing of very great value should be made, as these defects always appear in the impressions,
and produce a very bad effect. To know if the stones are level apply to the face of the stone
the strait edge of an iron ruler in all directions, which should touch the surface in every point
of its line.
printing paper—the best quality and preparation.
Plate or soft paper gives the best impressions. Papers that have been bleached with the as-
sistance of vitriol and muriatic acid will destroy the work on the stone. All restored paper
has this quality, and should be avoided. Most cheap writing papers are of this kind. Some
coloured papers will destroy the drawing on the stone, from their containing alumine, or a pre-
paration of soap. To prepare the paper for printing two dry sheets are put upon a level board :
then another sheet is immersed in water and suffered to drain a little; when it is put upon the
former. To this eight dry sheets are added, then a wet one as before, and so on alternately—
eight dry and one wet sheet. Put a level board at the top, and then the whole should be put in
a screw-press, under a slight pressure, for half an hour, it must then be screwed very tight, and
suffered to remain 12 hours: if 24 it would be better. Experience must teach the exact pro-
portion of wetting paper. In well-sized paper one wet sheet to four dry will answer; but unsized
paper must have eight or ten dry to one wet sheet.
presses.
Presses of various kinds are used for Lithography. The press most in use is a scraper-press.
For a description of the various presses, and in fact, for every possible information on the subject
we can only refer to the " Complete Course of Lithography, by the Inventor, Alois Senefelder."
published by R. Ackermann, J01, Strand; a Work that will explain every difficulty: with
the best method of avoiding them. The best press for small work for amateurs and coinptfngr
houses is Ruthven's Patent Press. It takes but little room, and is very complete. A perspective
view of this press is added, printed from stone. See plate 98.
various utensils.
Rollers for charging the stones with printing-ink, made of wood four inches in diameter,
covered with flannel rolled four times round, and then carefully covered with calf-skin : the two
edges brought together and sewed neatly with silk like a boot. Handles four inches long are turned
at the ends. Tubes of thick leather must be provided, for the handles to run in. It is requisite
to have several rollers; and when one is wet it should be changed for a dry one. A marble
slab must be fixed to the left of the press, on which a small quantity at a time of printing-ink
must be spread. In this the roller is well worked, when it becomes equally charged to supply the
drawing. A strong rough bench or table for rubbing down and polishing the stones on, with a
contrivance for fixing the stone. Etching needles of various kinds. Steel pens; with very fine
sable brushes. Music-pens for ruling lines, and pens for forming the dots. Steel-pens for
drawing are made from watch-springs.
OF
APPENDIX.
manner two stones are prepared:—in giving the rough polish to the stones, it is rather difficult
to avoid coarse lines or furrows, occasioned by sharp sand grains. On a plate thus disfigured,
no drawing of very great value should be made, as these defects always appear in the impressions,
and produce a very bad effect. To know if the stones are level apply to the face of the stone
the strait edge of an iron ruler in all directions, which should touch the surface in every point
of its line.
printing paper—the best quality and preparation.
Plate or soft paper gives the best impressions. Papers that have been bleached with the as-
sistance of vitriol and muriatic acid will destroy the work on the stone. All restored paper
has this quality, and should be avoided. Most cheap writing papers are of this kind. Some
coloured papers will destroy the drawing on the stone, from their containing alumine, or a pre-
paration of soap. To prepare the paper for printing two dry sheets are put upon a level board :
then another sheet is immersed in water and suffered to drain a little; when it is put upon the
former. To this eight dry sheets are added, then a wet one as before, and so on alternately—
eight dry and one wet sheet. Put a level board at the top, and then the whole should be put in
a screw-press, under a slight pressure, for half an hour, it must then be screwed very tight, and
suffered to remain 12 hours: if 24 it would be better. Experience must teach the exact pro-
portion of wetting paper. In well-sized paper one wet sheet to four dry will answer; but unsized
paper must have eight or ten dry to one wet sheet.
presses.
Presses of various kinds are used for Lithography. The press most in use is a scraper-press.
For a description of the various presses, and in fact, for every possible information on the subject
we can only refer to the " Complete Course of Lithography, by the Inventor, Alois Senefelder."
published by R. Ackermann, J01, Strand; a Work that will explain every difficulty: with
the best method of avoiding them. The best press for small work for amateurs and coinptfngr
houses is Ruthven's Patent Press. It takes but little room, and is very complete. A perspective
view of this press is added, printed from stone. See plate 98.
various utensils.
Rollers for charging the stones with printing-ink, made of wood four inches in diameter,
covered with flannel rolled four times round, and then carefully covered with calf-skin : the two
edges brought together and sewed neatly with silk like a boot. Handles four inches long are turned
at the ends. Tubes of thick leather must be provided, for the handles to run in. It is requisite
to have several rollers; and when one is wet it should be changed for a dry one. A marble
slab must be fixed to the left of the press, on which a small quantity at a time of printing-ink
must be spread. In this the roller is well worked, when it becomes equally charged to supply the
drawing. A strong rough bench or table for rubbing down and polishing the stones on, with a
contrivance for fixing the stone. Etching needles of various kinds. Steel pens; with very fine
sable brushes. Music-pens for ruling lines, and pens for forming the dots. Steel-pens for
drawing are made from watch-springs.
OF