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LEAVE S1NOPE.

[Chap. xix.

CHAPTER XIX.

Leave Sinqpe—Mountainous road to Boiavad—Mehmet Bey Oglu Kicui—Boiayad
—Its castle and geology—Costambol Chai, anc. Arrinias — Douraan — Kizil
Irmak—Its junction with the Costambol Chai—Vizir Keupri.

The time had at length arrived when I was to quit the
shores of the Black Sea, and in the afternoon of the 26th
July I started from Sinopc for Boiavad, eighteen hours,
having engaged horses for the whole distance, and before
dark reached the village of Delliler, four hours S. by W.
from Sinope, still keeping along the sea shore until within
a mile of Chobanlar. At Delliler my tent was pitched on
a small green before the Oda, in the midst of a cultivated
country abounding with gardens and orchards.

Wednesday, July 27.—I left Delliler at half-past five,
and descended towards the beach for half a mile, when
the road turned to the south, and we struck into the interior
through a thickly-wooded country. Hornbeam, but of small
size, was very abundant, as well as a species of oak with a
peculiarly jagged dark-green leaf. After crossing several
small streams flowing into the Chobanlar Chai, we changed
our course to S.W., and descended into a wooded valley,
where we crossed the Chobanlar, here called the Caboular.
This river is formed by the junction of two considerable
streams about half a mile higher up, one of which, called
the Kirketchit Chai, flows from the S.S.W., and the other,
the Caboular, from W.S.W. We then descended a wooded
ridge of hills sloping rapidly to deep valleys on either side,
and affording a constant variety of bold and picturesque
scenery. The hills consisted of semi-crystalline limestone,
sandstone, and marls, dipping N. and N.E. at an angle of
40°, overlaid by a bed of yellow clay or marl containing
white calcareous concretions.

After some time the descent became more rapid by a
 
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