332
LEAVE VIZIR KEUPR1.
[CHAr. xx.
CHAPTEE XX.
Leave Vizir Keupri—Hot springs of Cauvsa—Ladik—Stiphane Palus—Sonnisa—
Plain of Phanaroea—The Junction of the Iris and the Lycus—Boghaz Hissan
Kaleh—Herek—Road to Niksar—Reach Niksar, anc. Neocacsarea—Its position
and description—Probable site of Cabira—Road from Niksar to Tocat—Gu-
menek, anc. Comana Pontica—Reach Tocat—Copper Fouudery—Considerations
on Reform in Turkey.
Mo?>day, August 1.—Vizir Keupri to Ladik eight hours.
It was near seven before we started. About a mile and a half
from Vizir Keupri we began slowly ascending a narrow valley
between low and undulating hills, and soon crossed a small
stream flowing towards the north. At half-past seven there
was a fountain on the right, and near it many fragments of
columns and hewn blocks, some of which were built into the
walls of cottages near the road side, having probably been
brought from Vizir Keupri. As we advanced, the hills were
covered with privet, but the furrows and ridges which we
could detect beneath the vegetation were proofs of former
culture. We continued ascending towards the S.S.E. until
a quarter after eight, when we reached the top of the ridge,
where porphyritic and trachytic rocks protruded through
the surface. From thence, descending a wooded ravine by
a winding road for two miles, we entered a sylvan valley,
watered by the Staular, or Istaular Chai, flowing rapidly over
its rocky bed from a high range of mountains to the S.W.
Its course is here due east for several miles; but it after-
wards turns N.E., and then N., falling, as I was informed,
into the Kizil Irmak near Bafra. The wooded mountains
to our right extending from cast to west were at a distance
of about four miles, the lofty peak called Yan, or Iyan
Kaleh, which 1 had observed bearing S. 40 W. from Vizir
Keupri, being one of the highest points of the range. I was
now told that there were some ruins on the summit, which
LEAVE VIZIR KEUPR1.
[CHAr. xx.
CHAPTEE XX.
Leave Vizir Keupri—Hot springs of Cauvsa—Ladik—Stiphane Palus—Sonnisa—
Plain of Phanaroea—The Junction of the Iris and the Lycus—Boghaz Hissan
Kaleh—Herek—Road to Niksar—Reach Niksar, anc. Neocacsarea—Its position
and description—Probable site of Cabira—Road from Niksar to Tocat—Gu-
menek, anc. Comana Pontica—Reach Tocat—Copper Fouudery—Considerations
on Reform in Turkey.
Mo?>day, August 1.—Vizir Keupri to Ladik eight hours.
It was near seven before we started. About a mile and a half
from Vizir Keupri we began slowly ascending a narrow valley
between low and undulating hills, and soon crossed a small
stream flowing towards the north. At half-past seven there
was a fountain on the right, and near it many fragments of
columns and hewn blocks, some of which were built into the
walls of cottages near the road side, having probably been
brought from Vizir Keupri. As we advanced, the hills were
covered with privet, but the furrows and ridges which we
could detect beneath the vegetation were proofs of former
culture. We continued ascending towards the S.S.E. until
a quarter after eight, when we reached the top of the ridge,
where porphyritic and trachytic rocks protruded through
the surface. From thence, descending a wooded ravine by
a winding road for two miles, we entered a sylvan valley,
watered by the Staular, or Istaular Chai, flowing rapidly over
its rocky bed from a high range of mountains to the S.W.
Its course is here due east for several miles; but it after-
wards turns N.E., and then N., falling, as I was informed,
into the Kizil Irmak near Bafra. The wooded mountains
to our right extending from cast to west were at a distance
of about four miles, the lofty peak called Yan, or Iyan
Kaleh, which 1 had observed bearing S. 40 W. from Vizir
Keupri, being one of the highest points of the range. I was
now told that there were some ruins on the summit, which