Reisner, George Andrew: The early dynastic cemeteries of Naga-ed-Dêr (Band 3): A provincial cemetery of the pyramid age, Naga-ed-Der (Oxford: University Press by John Johnson, 1932)

CONTENTS

PAGE

Preface • vii—viii
I. EXCAVATION OF CEM. N 500-900.1-4
(Figs. Nos. 1-2)
II. TYPES OF GRAVES AND BURIALS IN CEM. N 500-900 .... 5
1. TYPES OF GRAVES ..5
Crude brick and stone architecture; mastabas, main and secondary lines of development . . . 5-6
Chronological order of tomb-forms, Dyn. I-VI; large tombs and small tombs .... 6-11
2. TYPES OF BURIALS ........... n
Position of body; orientation; preservation of body; container; funerary deposits . . . . 11
Disturbance; results of decay; plundering; intact graves ....... 11-12
Development from contracted position head south to extended position head north; influence of
mummification ........... 12-13
List of wooden boxes (coffins) and cists in Cem. N 500-900 ...... 14-16
The burial positions of the different periods, Dyn. I—II, Dyn. II—III, Dyn. IV, Dyn. V-VI . . 16
3. EXAMPLES OF TYPES OF GRAVES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION IN CEM. N 500-900 . 16
Types IV A-C, iv a-d ........... 16-19
Summary of Types IV and iv. Normal burial of Dyn. II—III ...... 19-20
Types V A-C, v d, e, a, b, c, f . . . . . . . . . . 20-23
Summary of Types V and v, changes in burial position in Dyn. IV .... . 23-24
Types vi a-f ............ 24-30
Summary of Types vi and normal burial position of Dyn. V-VI ...... 30-31
Comparative tables (percentages) of burial positions in Cem. N 500-900:
A. Position on side or back . . . . . . . . . . 31
B. Contraction . . . . . . . . . . . 31
C. Orientation of bodies .......... 32
D. Distribution and percentages of different types of graves ...... 32-33
E. Distribution and percentages according to date ....... 33-34
Size and character of the community ......... 34-35
III. OBJECTS FOUND IN CEM. N 500-900.36
Predominant place of stone and pottery vessels . . . . . . . . 36
A. THE STONE VESSELS IN CEM. N 500-900 ........ 36
Two different sets of types .......... 36
1. The earlier group of stone vessels, Dyn. II-IV ...... 36
Description of types and all examples found ........ 36-52
A. SUMMARY OF STONE VESSELS AND DISTRIBUTION THROUGH TYPES OF GRAVES .... 53~*54
B. SUMMARY OF STONE VESSELS AND DISTRIBUTION ACCORDING TO DATE ..... 54
Deductions in regard to decline in use of stone vessels; intact tombs ..... 55~5^
2. The later group of stone vessels, Dyn. V-VI ....... 56
Other cemeteries of the same date . . . . • • • • • 56
a. Description of older O.K. types and complete list of vessels of each type ..... 5^-59
Connexion between old and new forms of O.K. vessels; tomb groups a-p. .... 59_6i
b. Description of new O.K. types and complete lists of vessels of each type ..... 61-66
Proof that the new types belong to the same archaeological group; tomb-groups q-z ... 66
Summary of evidence of tomb-groups a-z ........ 67-68
Metal origin of new O.K. types of stone vessels; examples of forms at Giza; range in time . . . 68-70