DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.6641#0064
60 TELL EL 1
and sand of the rampart from below, and are gradually bring-
ing it all down.
There is no appearance of a gateway in the inner rampart
at the east side, but in the outer enclosure, the break between
the two mounds appears to be for a gateway. There are
traces of brick walls to hold back the sand at the sides ; but
the foundations of these walls are above the level of the top
of the inner rampart.
I suspect that at first, after the Xllth dynasty, a double
rampart and ditch were constructed without any eastward
entrance. Later, in prosperous times, the town rose high,
overflowed the inner fortification, and filled up- the ditch.
It was then re-fortified by heightening the outer rampart,
except at one point where a gate was required, opening east-
wards. At the same time the great wall was built on the
top of the ramparts. This latter may date from Pre-Bames-
side to early Boman times, excepting probably the period
between the XXVth dynasty and the later Ptolemies. The
bricks measure about 14 inches.
The scarabs PI. xvi. 9 to 12 are of green glazed porcelain, pro-
bably XXthdynasty. 10 is a curiously blundered variety of 9.
The mediaeval-looking head of a captive 13 carved in
limestone, was bought on the mound. The only attachment
seems to have been at the top of the cap. Was it a cornice
ornament like the heads under the window of the tower at
Medinet Habu ?
Between the XXth dynasty and tlie Koman
Empire there is little to record. Mr. Chester
obtained here two basalt fragments, one
with the nomen of a Shashanq, the other with
part of a "standard" or lea-name,1 XXIInd
dynasty. Professor Lanzone found a statuette
of Osorkon I.,2 XXIInd dynasty. Next comes
the base-block of King Uapet, discovered
by M. Naville, XXIIIrd dynasty. Dr. Grant
picked up here a fragment mentioning the
Theban governors Nesptah and Mentu mha. He
is sure of the locality—XXVth dynasty. The
fragment of a statue, PI. xvi. 23 (bought of a
peasant, who also travels to some extent, collecting
as a middle-man for dealers), is of the XXVIth
dynasty, but, to judge from the inscription, should
come from Sais. It contained a prayer to Osiris
in the house of the bee' at Sais for funeral offer-
1 Birch., A.Z., 1872, p. 122 ; in B.M., Nos. 936, 937.
2 S.B.A. Proc. VI., p. 205.
.HUDIYEH.
ings to '. . . kep Net, son of Pedu Net.' The
two names are compounded with that of the goddess
Net or Neith of Sais.
As to burials, I have attributed some in tumulus VIII. to
this period. There must have been many in the jezireh, but the
Eomans destroyed numbers in clearing the ground for their
suburb, and many more have been removed by the sabbakhin.
Those that remained were of various dates.
Graves found in the jezireh. A. Bodies not mummified (?)
simply laid in the sand ; several without antiquities. In
one case with porcelain beads and a pair of bronze earrings,
and bones of child laid at right angles behind the head.
circa dynasty XXVI. (?)
B. At some height above body a low grave, section showing
four bricks, PI. xvi. 17 (in one case only three, 18), the outside
often smoothed with mud, the usual method. All had been
opened at the head and rifled.
Inside one a face modelled in clay (not burnt), stuccoed
and painted.
In grave 8, traces of an inner coffin of (unburnt) clay
painted and roughly shaped over the skeleton, which lay
with head to the south. Some long and short green glaze
beads with it, dynasty XXVI. (?)
Grave 2 (see above p. 40). Outside, and apparently belong-
ing to it, some pots of the Xllth dynasty ware.
Grave 4. Pilgrim bottle green glazed ware, and bronze
double kohl stick placed at the head loose in the sand out-
side. (Head to east) XXVIth. (?)
C. Earthenware cover substituted for bricks, several.
Xo antiquities, Boman (?) In one case the cover was in two
halves, divided at the shoulder; the body not mummified,
arms down the sides. At the foot, at right angles to it, and
at the same depth, another body wrapped in a cloth, of which
there were remains on the skull.
D. Child burials in jars, a hole being knocked in the bot-
tom (ef. the pierced coffins in the tumuli). One contained
bones only; the other, Grave 7, with amulets: viz., green
glazed skeleton uta, winged and framed in a rectangle, pupil
and eye black ; some very small figures of deities, pigmy
Ptah, Bes, a pig, Nefer turn, the last having blotches of
yellow glaze; also flattened beads, apparently derived from
PI. xvi. 19, and a few green, black, and red short beads.
PI. xvi. 19 a is a rough sketch of the jar. Found with two
adult burials, one of which showed traces of cartonnage blue
and green, 0. XXIInd dynasty.
In the town I bought, or picked out of the upper strata,
several rude scarabs and seals of limestone and porcelain of
c. XXIInd dynasty. PI. xvi. 20-2G.
To Macedonian times and thereabouts belong
the Persian seal PI. xvi. 27, the clepsydra or
water-clock of Alexander the Great3 and the
3 Academy, Nov. 19, 1887, p. 342.
and sand of the rampart from below, and are gradually bring-
ing it all down.
There is no appearance of a gateway in the inner rampart
at the east side, but in the outer enclosure, the break between
the two mounds appears to be for a gateway. There are
traces of brick walls to hold back the sand at the sides ; but
the foundations of these walls are above the level of the top
of the inner rampart.
I suspect that at first, after the Xllth dynasty, a double
rampart and ditch were constructed without any eastward
entrance. Later, in prosperous times, the town rose high,
overflowed the inner fortification, and filled up- the ditch.
It was then re-fortified by heightening the outer rampart,
except at one point where a gate was required, opening east-
wards. At the same time the great wall was built on the
top of the ramparts. This latter may date from Pre-Bames-
side to early Boman times, excepting probably the period
between the XXVth dynasty and the later Ptolemies. The
bricks measure about 14 inches.
The scarabs PI. xvi. 9 to 12 are of green glazed porcelain, pro-
bably XXthdynasty. 10 is a curiously blundered variety of 9.
The mediaeval-looking head of a captive 13 carved in
limestone, was bought on the mound. The only attachment
seems to have been at the top of the cap. Was it a cornice
ornament like the heads under the window of the tower at
Medinet Habu ?
Between the XXth dynasty and tlie Koman
Empire there is little to record. Mr. Chester
obtained here two basalt fragments, one
with the nomen of a Shashanq, the other with
part of a "standard" or lea-name,1 XXIInd
dynasty. Professor Lanzone found a statuette
of Osorkon I.,2 XXIInd dynasty. Next comes
the base-block of King Uapet, discovered
by M. Naville, XXIIIrd dynasty. Dr. Grant
picked up here a fragment mentioning the
Theban governors Nesptah and Mentu mha. He
is sure of the locality—XXVth dynasty. The
fragment of a statue, PI. xvi. 23 (bought of a
peasant, who also travels to some extent, collecting
as a middle-man for dealers), is of the XXVIth
dynasty, but, to judge from the inscription, should
come from Sais. It contained a prayer to Osiris
in the house of the bee' at Sais for funeral offer-
1 Birch., A.Z., 1872, p. 122 ; in B.M., Nos. 936, 937.
2 S.B.A. Proc. VI., p. 205.
.HUDIYEH.
ings to '. . . kep Net, son of Pedu Net.' The
two names are compounded with that of the goddess
Net or Neith of Sais.
As to burials, I have attributed some in tumulus VIII. to
this period. There must have been many in the jezireh, but the
Eomans destroyed numbers in clearing the ground for their
suburb, and many more have been removed by the sabbakhin.
Those that remained were of various dates.
Graves found in the jezireh. A. Bodies not mummified (?)
simply laid in the sand ; several without antiquities. In
one case with porcelain beads and a pair of bronze earrings,
and bones of child laid at right angles behind the head.
circa dynasty XXVI. (?)
B. At some height above body a low grave, section showing
four bricks, PI. xvi. 17 (in one case only three, 18), the outside
often smoothed with mud, the usual method. All had been
opened at the head and rifled.
Inside one a face modelled in clay (not burnt), stuccoed
and painted.
In grave 8, traces of an inner coffin of (unburnt) clay
painted and roughly shaped over the skeleton, which lay
with head to the south. Some long and short green glaze
beads with it, dynasty XXVI. (?)
Grave 2 (see above p. 40). Outside, and apparently belong-
ing to it, some pots of the Xllth dynasty ware.
Grave 4. Pilgrim bottle green glazed ware, and bronze
double kohl stick placed at the head loose in the sand out-
side. (Head to east) XXVIth. (?)
C. Earthenware cover substituted for bricks, several.
Xo antiquities, Boman (?) In one case the cover was in two
halves, divided at the shoulder; the body not mummified,
arms down the sides. At the foot, at right angles to it, and
at the same depth, another body wrapped in a cloth, of which
there were remains on the skull.
D. Child burials in jars, a hole being knocked in the bot-
tom (ef. the pierced coffins in the tumuli). One contained
bones only; the other, Grave 7, with amulets: viz., green
glazed skeleton uta, winged and framed in a rectangle, pupil
and eye black ; some very small figures of deities, pigmy
Ptah, Bes, a pig, Nefer turn, the last having blotches of
yellow glaze; also flattened beads, apparently derived from
PI. xvi. 19, and a few green, black, and red short beads.
PI. xvi. 19 a is a rough sketch of the jar. Found with two
adult burials, one of which showed traces of cartonnage blue
and green, 0. XXIInd dynasty.
In the town I bought, or picked out of the upper strata,
several rude scarabs and seals of limestone and porcelain of
c. XXIInd dynasty. PI. xvi. 20-2G.
To Macedonian times and thereabouts belong
the Persian seal PI. xvi. 27, the clepsydra or
water-clock of Alexander the Great3 and the
3 Academy, Nov. 19, 1887, p. 342.