DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.1652#0007
8+
F O U R T 11 B O O K.
with columns; Si/lilos, wider; Diaftilos, still wider; Arcoftilo^ wider than is convenient j and
EuJIi/os, which has rtasonable and convenient intervals: osall which intercolumniation
they be, and what proportions they ought to have, with the length oJ the columns, I
mentioned before in the first book, and the designs of them infected.
It is not necessary therefore to (ay here any tiling more, than that the sour first manners
are desective. The two first, becauie the intercolumniatioDS being but os one diameter and an
half, or of two diameters os a column, are very little and narrow, (hence two p.
breast cannot enter into the portico's, but are obliged to go one behind the other] and beca
the doors and their ornaments cannot be seen at a distaoce, and, finally, becauie that by
ltraitncss of the spaces, walking round the temple is hindred. Thcse two manners
verthclcls tolerable when the columns are made large, as may be leen in almost all th
dent temples.
The third, as three diameters of a column can be put between the columns, the jntcr,
columniations come to be very wide : hence the architraves split, by reason of the ; i
of the spaces. But one may provide against this defect, by making over the archi-
trave, in the height of the frize, arches, or remenati, that support the weight, and leai
architrave sree.
The sourth manner, although not lubject to the desect of the, abovementioned, 1
architraves of stone, or of marble, are not made life or, but that over the columns
beams os timber are put ; one may nevettheless Jay that it is alio defective, bee
and wide, and mean, and is properly of the Toscan order; so that the moll beauti
the most elegant manner of temples is that which is called Eustilos, which is
intercoluniniations are of two diameters and a quarter os a column ; becauie i; i
ceedingly well for use, beauty and rtrength.
I have called the manners of temples by the same names that VlTROvius makes use
os, as I have alio the aspects, not only for the abovementioned rcalbn, but alio becauie.
thole names have already been received in our language, and that they are underltood bv
every body, I lhalt theresore make ule of them in the deligns of the temples tl
sollow.
C H A P. V.
Of the Comfartm. us of Temples.
ALTHOUGH in all fabrics it is requisite, that their part-- Ihou'd correspond tc
and have Inch proportions, that there may be none whereby the whole cai
measured, and likewile all the other parts; this however ought to be observed in I
with the utmoit care, becauie they are conlccratcd to Divinity, sor the honour and re-
verence whereof one ought to work as beautisully and cxquisitely as is poihble. As there-
sore the round and quadrangular are the most regular forms for temples, 1 (hall mention
how each ot these ought to be comparted ; and (hall alio insert some things belonging to
temples that we Christians make use of.
Round temples were antiently made, sometimes open, that is, without a cell, with column*
that supported the cupola, like thole that were dedicated to Juno Lacjmaj in the mid-
dle o^ which the altar was placed, and upon which the fire was never extinguished. These are
comparted in this manner: the diameter os the whole space is so divided, that the temple is
to take up three equal parts; one is given to the steps, that is, to the ascent to v.\
of the temple, and two remain to the temple and the columns, which are placed
pedertals, and are as high with the hale and capital, as the diameter of the lesser eourie of steps,
and the tenth part of their height in ihickncls.
The architrave, the fiize, and the other ornaments, are to be made as well in tl
in all the other temples, according to what was laid in the first book. But thole
that are made close; that is, with a cell, are either made with wings round them, or
with one portico only in the stont. Of thole that have wings round them, the nil
these ; in the firss place, two steps are to be made round them, and upon them th(
Gals are to be placed, on which the columns standj the wings are a: broad as the fisth
part
F O U R T 11 B O O K.
with columns; Si/lilos, wider; Diaftilos, still wider; Arcoftilo^ wider than is convenient j and
EuJIi/os, which has rtasonable and convenient intervals: osall which intercolumniation
they be, and what proportions they ought to have, with the length oJ the columns, I
mentioned before in the first book, and the designs of them infected.
It is not necessary therefore to (ay here any tiling more, than that the sour first manners
are desective. The two first, becauie the intercolumniatioDS being but os one diameter and an
half, or of two diameters os a column, are very little and narrow, (hence two p.
breast cannot enter into the portico's, but are obliged to go one behind the other] and beca
the doors and their ornaments cannot be seen at a distaoce, and, finally, becauie that by
ltraitncss of the spaces, walking round the temple is hindred. Thcse two manners
verthclcls tolerable when the columns are made large, as may be leen in almost all th
dent temples.
The third, as three diameters of a column can be put between the columns, the jntcr,
columniations come to be very wide : hence the architraves split, by reason of the ; i
of the spaces. But one may provide against this defect, by making over the archi-
trave, in the height of the frize, arches, or remenati, that support the weight, and leai
architrave sree.
The sourth manner, although not lubject to the desect of the, abovementioned, 1
architraves of stone, or of marble, are not made life or, but that over the columns
beams os timber are put ; one may nevettheless Jay that it is alio defective, bee
and wide, and mean, and is properly of the Toscan order; so that the moll beauti
the most elegant manner of temples is that which is called Eustilos, which is
intercoluniniations are of two diameters and a quarter os a column ; becauie i; i
ceedingly well for use, beauty and rtrength.
I have called the manners of temples by the same names that VlTROvius makes use
os, as I have alio the aspects, not only for the abovementioned rcalbn, but alio becauie.
thole names have already been received in our language, and that they are underltood bv
every body, I lhalt theresore make ule of them in the deligns of the temples tl
sollow.
C H A P. V.
Of the Comfartm. us of Temples.
ALTHOUGH in all fabrics it is requisite, that their part-- Ihou'd correspond tc
and have Inch proportions, that there may be none whereby the whole cai
measured, and likewile all the other parts; this however ought to be observed in I
with the utmoit care, becauie they are conlccratcd to Divinity, sor the honour and re-
verence whereof one ought to work as beautisully and cxquisitely as is poihble. As there-
sore the round and quadrangular are the most regular forms for temples, 1 (hall mention
how each ot these ought to be comparted ; and (hall alio insert some things belonging to
temples that we Christians make use of.
Round temples were antiently made, sometimes open, that is, without a cell, with column*
that supported the cupola, like thole that were dedicated to Juno Lacjmaj in the mid-
dle o^ which the altar was placed, and upon which the fire was never extinguished. These are
comparted in this manner: the diameter os the whole space is so divided, that the temple is
to take up three equal parts; one is given to the steps, that is, to the ascent to v.\
of the temple, and two remain to the temple and the columns, which are placed
pedertals, and are as high with the hale and capital, as the diameter of the lesser eourie of steps,
and the tenth part of their height in ihickncls.
The architrave, the fiize, and the other ornaments, are to be made as well in tl
in all the other temples, according to what was laid in the first book. But thole
that are made close; that is, with a cell, are either made with wings round them, or
with one portico only in the stont. Of thole that have wings round them, the nil
these ; in the firss place, two steps are to be made round them, and upon them th(
Gals are to be placed, on which the columns standj the wings are a: broad as the fisth
part