DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.26359#0109
Beata Piqtek
In consequence, the following missions con-
centrated their works on the area North of the
large stone 6th dynasty mastabas, the North
cemetery limit was placed much farther (pl.
20). In 1942-3, Z.Y. SAAD uncovered brick
mastabas which he dated to the second half
and to the end of the 6th dynasty.9 The
mastabas were reinvestigated and published
by the EES Sakkara Epigraphic Expedition.10
In 1986, the M. ABD el-RAZIQ mission ex-
cavated the tombs from the period of the 6th
dynasty till the New Kingdom, situated to the
East of the ax splitting mastabas of Mereri and
WemuP The result of the archaeological sea-
sons in 1983-4, 1986-7 and 1994-5 directed
by N. KANAWATI, are the publications of
the 5th and 6th dynasty mastabas.12 The aim
of his work, which is still continuing, is firstly
uncovering the area in the East to the temenos
wall of queen Iput pyramid, in the West to the
mastaba of Shepesipuptah and in the South
to the mastaba of Nefer-seshemptah; sec-
ondly, making a map with precise localisation
of the tombs as well as the full publication of
them.
In the Eastern part of the necropolis, H.S.
SMITH has directed the works of the EES
SakkaraEpigraphic Expedition since 1976. The
mission, which is uncovering the Ptolomaic
Anubieion, also excavated the material of the
period from the Old Kingdom till the Middle
9 Z.Y. SAAD, Preliminary Report on the Excavations
of the Departament of Antiquities at Saqqara 1942-
43, ASAE43 (1943), pp. 453-7, pls. 38-46; É. DRIOTON,
Description sommaire des chapelles funéraires de la
Vle dynastie. Recémment découvertes derrière le
mastaba de Méréroukaà Sakkarah, ASAE43 (1943),
pp. 487-513, pl. 17.
10 W.V. DAVIES, A. el-KHOULI, A.B. LLOYD, A.J.
SPENCER, Saqqara Tombs I: The Mastabas of
Mereri and Wernu, London 1984; A.B. LLOYD, A.J.
SPENCER, A. el-KHOULI, Saqqara Tombs II: The
Mastabas of Meru, Semdenti, Khui and Others,
London 1990.
11 M. ABD el-RAZIQ, A. KREKEREL, W. PAHL,
Vorbericht iiber die Arbeiten des Ägyptischen
Antikendienstes im nördlichen Teti-Friedhof in
Saqqara im Jahre 1986, MDAIK 43 (1986), pp. 215-
223.
12 N. KANAWATI, A. el-KHOULI, A. McFARLANE,
Kingdom.13 One of the monuments confirmed
the attribution of the Merikara pyramid.14
Topography and history
3rd - 4th dynasty Because of intensive rebuild-
ing of the area during the next two dynasties, espe-
cially in the northem part, we know only a few tombs
of this period. Early tombs are situated in the area
later taken by queen Iput pyramid and the mastaba
of Tjetjw.15 To the East of the Teti pyramid there is
an anonymous, probably unfinished, stone mastaba
ofthed"3 dynasty16 and there remained as well wall
fragments ofthe two other brick mastabas.17 These
stone mastabas were reused many times to build
new tombs (pls. 21,22).
5th dynasty It is unquestionable, that Teti,
founder of the 6th dynasty, chose this place for
his pyramid, at North Sakkara 5th dynasty cem-
eteries related to Userkaf, 5th dynasty founder
and Wenis, the last king of the 5th dynasty were
already in existence. Userkaf and Wenis, con-
sideringpolitical andreligious circumstances, built
their pyramids in the vicinity of the Netjerikhet
complex. Teti for similar reasons located his own
pyramid temenos to define the border of the
Eastem limit of the Userkaf pyramid cemetery.
It appears that the 5th dynasty mastabas were
mainly situated in the westem and southem part
of the Teti cemetery (pls. 18,19). To the South
the mastaba ofIi was located.18 If its dating from
N.V. MAKSOUD, Excavations at Saqqqara North-
West of Teti’s Pyramid I, Sydney 1984; N. KA-
NAWATI, el-KHOULI, Excavations at Saqqara:
North-WestofTeti’sPyramidll, Sydney 1988; N. KA-
NAWATI, A. HASSAN, The Teti Cemetery at
Saqqara I. The Tombs ofNedjet-em-pet, Ka-aper and
Others, Sydney 1996.
13 L.L. GIDDY, H.S. SMITH, P.G. FRENCH, The
Anubieion at Sakkara. The Cemeteries, vol. 2, Lon-
don 1992, pp. 1-2.
14 MÀLEK, op. cit., pp. 203-7.
15 FIRTH, GUNN, op. cit., p. 4.
16 QUIBELL, Excavations 1905-6, op. cit., pp. 1-3, pls.
3,5; GIDDY, op. cit., p. 1.
17 Ibidem, p. 2.
18 A. MARIETTE, Les mastabas de TAncien Empire,
Paris 1889, C26; H. PETRIE, M.A. MURRAY, Seven
Memphite Tomb Chapels, London 1952, pl. 12;
KANAWATI, op. cit., p. 8.
106
In consequence, the following missions con-
centrated their works on the area North of the
large stone 6th dynasty mastabas, the North
cemetery limit was placed much farther (pl.
20). In 1942-3, Z.Y. SAAD uncovered brick
mastabas which he dated to the second half
and to the end of the 6th dynasty.9 The
mastabas were reinvestigated and published
by the EES Sakkara Epigraphic Expedition.10
In 1986, the M. ABD el-RAZIQ mission ex-
cavated the tombs from the period of the 6th
dynasty till the New Kingdom, situated to the
East of the ax splitting mastabas of Mereri and
WemuP The result of the archaeological sea-
sons in 1983-4, 1986-7 and 1994-5 directed
by N. KANAWATI, are the publications of
the 5th and 6th dynasty mastabas.12 The aim
of his work, which is still continuing, is firstly
uncovering the area in the East to the temenos
wall of queen Iput pyramid, in the West to the
mastaba of Shepesipuptah and in the South
to the mastaba of Nefer-seshemptah; sec-
ondly, making a map with precise localisation
of the tombs as well as the full publication of
them.
In the Eastern part of the necropolis, H.S.
SMITH has directed the works of the EES
SakkaraEpigraphic Expedition since 1976. The
mission, which is uncovering the Ptolomaic
Anubieion, also excavated the material of the
period from the Old Kingdom till the Middle
9 Z.Y. SAAD, Preliminary Report on the Excavations
of the Departament of Antiquities at Saqqara 1942-
43, ASAE43 (1943), pp. 453-7, pls. 38-46; É. DRIOTON,
Description sommaire des chapelles funéraires de la
Vle dynastie. Recémment découvertes derrière le
mastaba de Méréroukaà Sakkarah, ASAE43 (1943),
pp. 487-513, pl. 17.
10 W.V. DAVIES, A. el-KHOULI, A.B. LLOYD, A.J.
SPENCER, Saqqara Tombs I: The Mastabas of
Mereri and Wernu, London 1984; A.B. LLOYD, A.J.
SPENCER, A. el-KHOULI, Saqqara Tombs II: The
Mastabas of Meru, Semdenti, Khui and Others,
London 1990.
11 M. ABD el-RAZIQ, A. KREKEREL, W. PAHL,
Vorbericht iiber die Arbeiten des Ägyptischen
Antikendienstes im nördlichen Teti-Friedhof in
Saqqara im Jahre 1986, MDAIK 43 (1986), pp. 215-
223.
12 N. KANAWATI, A. el-KHOULI, A. McFARLANE,
Kingdom.13 One of the monuments confirmed
the attribution of the Merikara pyramid.14
Topography and history
3rd - 4th dynasty Because of intensive rebuild-
ing of the area during the next two dynasties, espe-
cially in the northem part, we know only a few tombs
of this period. Early tombs are situated in the area
later taken by queen Iput pyramid and the mastaba
of Tjetjw.15 To the East of the Teti pyramid there is
an anonymous, probably unfinished, stone mastaba
ofthed"3 dynasty16 and there remained as well wall
fragments ofthe two other brick mastabas.17 These
stone mastabas were reused many times to build
new tombs (pls. 21,22).
5th dynasty It is unquestionable, that Teti,
founder of the 6th dynasty, chose this place for
his pyramid, at North Sakkara 5th dynasty cem-
eteries related to Userkaf, 5th dynasty founder
and Wenis, the last king of the 5th dynasty were
already in existence. Userkaf and Wenis, con-
sideringpolitical andreligious circumstances, built
their pyramids in the vicinity of the Netjerikhet
complex. Teti for similar reasons located his own
pyramid temenos to define the border of the
Eastem limit of the Userkaf pyramid cemetery.
It appears that the 5th dynasty mastabas were
mainly situated in the westem and southem part
of the Teti cemetery (pls. 18,19). To the South
the mastaba ofIi was located.18 If its dating from
N.V. MAKSOUD, Excavations at Saqqqara North-
West of Teti’s Pyramid I, Sydney 1984; N. KA-
NAWATI, el-KHOULI, Excavations at Saqqara:
North-WestofTeti’sPyramidll, Sydney 1988; N. KA-
NAWATI, A. HASSAN, The Teti Cemetery at
Saqqara I. The Tombs ofNedjet-em-pet, Ka-aper and
Others, Sydney 1996.
13 L.L. GIDDY, H.S. SMITH, P.G. FRENCH, The
Anubieion at Sakkara. The Cemeteries, vol. 2, Lon-
don 1992, pp. 1-2.
14 MÀLEK, op. cit., pp. 203-7.
15 FIRTH, GUNN, op. cit., p. 4.
16 QUIBELL, Excavations 1905-6, op. cit., pp. 1-3, pls.
3,5; GIDDY, op. cit., p. 1.
17 Ibidem, p. 2.
18 A. MARIETTE, Les mastabas de TAncien Empire,
Paris 1889, C26; H. PETRIE, M.A. MURRAY, Seven
Memphite Tomb Chapels, London 1952, pl. 12;
KANAWATI, op. cit., p. 8.
106