DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.13851#0061
of the civil government of athens,
39
cies, the other by Conon. The third Zea, from bread corn, which is
called by the Grecians £s«. There were likewise in this harbour five
porticoes, which being joined together, composed one very large porti-
co, which was on that account commonly termed Motxfi yoa. The Pi-
raseus had farther two forums ; one near the long portico, and the sea ;
the other farther distant from the sea ; and for that reason chiefly fre-
quented by those who lived nearest the city. One of these seems to have
been called 'liriroSa^siov, from the architect Hippodamus, who built the
long wall, whereby this harbour was joined to the city. Here was a
most celebrated mart, to which merchants resorted from almost every
part of Greece, Whence came the proverbial saying, Tov nsi^atea xsmy-
ytav (ajj <p(gii)iy That famine and emptiness do not come from Pirceeus. This
harbour, though once very populous and well inhabited, was reduced to
a very few houses in the time of Strabo, who flourished under the empe-
rors Augustus and Tiberius ; having been burnt by Sylla in the Mithri-
datic war.
2. Mnw^i'ec Munychia, which was a promontory not far distant from Pi-
raeeus, extended not.unlike to a peninsula, and well fortified both by na-
ture, and afterwards, at the instance of Thrasybulus, by art. The name
was derived from one Munychus, who dedicated in this place a temple to
Diana, surnamed Msvi/^/a, which yet others report to have been founded
by Embarus. ]
3. *oeX^av Phalerum, which belonged to the tribe Antiochis, and wasj
distant from the city thirty-five stadia, according to Thucydides ; but in)
Pausanias's account(l) only twenty. This was the most ancient of the
three harbours ; And from hence Theseus is reported to have set sail
for Crete ; and afterwards Mnestheus for Troy,
CHAP. IX.
of the citizens, tribes, &LC. of athens.
The inhabitants of Attica were of three sorts : 1, n0>r<rai, or freemezy,
2, Me'toixoi, or sojourners. 3, AsXoi, or servants. The citizens surpass-
ed the others in dignity and power, as having the government in their
hands, but were far exceeded by the slaves in number, many slaves being
often subject to one citizen. The number of citizens in Cecrop's time,
I have already said, was twenty thousand ; in Pericles's there were not
so many, as appears from Plutarch(2) ; and when Demetrius the Pbale-
rean was their govevnor, they exceeded their first number under Ce-
crops only by one thousand ; at the same time foreigners were ten thou-
sand, and the slaves four hundred thousand, as appears from a poll insti-
tuted at the command of Demetrius, and mentioned in Athena3us(3).
Whence it is evident, that the increase of the Athenians themselves
was very inconsiderable ; but those growing numbers of inhabitants, that
swelled the city to that bigness, to which it was extended in after ages,,
were either of slaves, or strangers, who, for the advantage of study, or
0) Arcadicis, p, 471, Sit. Hanov. <?) Pericle, (3) Deipnof. 1. vi.
39
cies, the other by Conon. The third Zea, from bread corn, which is
called by the Grecians £s«. There were likewise in this harbour five
porticoes, which being joined together, composed one very large porti-
co, which was on that account commonly termed Motxfi yoa. The Pi-
raseus had farther two forums ; one near the long portico, and the sea ;
the other farther distant from the sea ; and for that reason chiefly fre-
quented by those who lived nearest the city. One of these seems to have
been called 'liriroSa^siov, from the architect Hippodamus, who built the
long wall, whereby this harbour was joined to the city. Here was a
most celebrated mart, to which merchants resorted from almost every
part of Greece, Whence came the proverbial saying, Tov nsi^atea xsmy-
ytav (ajj <p(gii)iy That famine and emptiness do not come from Pirceeus. This
harbour, though once very populous and well inhabited, was reduced to
a very few houses in the time of Strabo, who flourished under the empe-
rors Augustus and Tiberius ; having been burnt by Sylla in the Mithri-
datic war.
2. Mnw^i'ec Munychia, which was a promontory not far distant from Pi-
raeeus, extended not.unlike to a peninsula, and well fortified both by na-
ture, and afterwards, at the instance of Thrasybulus, by art. The name
was derived from one Munychus, who dedicated in this place a temple to
Diana, surnamed Msvi/^/a, which yet others report to have been founded
by Embarus. ]
3. *oeX^av Phalerum, which belonged to the tribe Antiochis, and wasj
distant from the city thirty-five stadia, according to Thucydides ; but in)
Pausanias's account(l) only twenty. This was the most ancient of the
three harbours ; And from hence Theseus is reported to have set sail
for Crete ; and afterwards Mnestheus for Troy,
CHAP. IX.
of the citizens, tribes, &LC. of athens.
The inhabitants of Attica were of three sorts : 1, n0>r<rai, or freemezy,
2, Me'toixoi, or sojourners. 3, AsXoi, or servants. The citizens surpass-
ed the others in dignity and power, as having the government in their
hands, but were far exceeded by the slaves in number, many slaves being
often subject to one citizen. The number of citizens in Cecrop's time,
I have already said, was twenty thousand ; in Pericles's there were not
so many, as appears from Plutarch(2) ; and when Demetrius the Pbale-
rean was their govevnor, they exceeded their first number under Ce-
crops only by one thousand ; at the same time foreigners were ten thou-
sand, and the slaves four hundred thousand, as appears from a poll insti-
tuted at the command of Demetrius, and mentioned in Athena3us(3).
Whence it is evident, that the increase of the Athenians themselves
was very inconsiderable ; but those growing numbers of inhabitants, that
swelled the city to that bigness, to which it was extended in after ages,,
were either of slaves, or strangers, who, for the advantage of study, or
0) Arcadicis, p, 471, Sit. Hanov. <?) Pericle, (3) Deipnof. 1. vi.