DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.13851#0091
OF THE CIVIL GOVERNMENT OF ATHENS.
69
to have embezzled the public treasure, or any way injured the common-
wealth by their maladministration. Aristotle (1) tells us they were some-
times called Egerccrai, and sZwyyegoi, and others will have them to be the
same with the Aoyism • but these are by Aristotle said to be distinguish-
ed from them.
CHAP. XIII
OF THE ATHENIAN MAGISTRATES.
01 hSsxa, the eleven, so called from their number, were elected out of
the body of the people, each of the ten tribes sending one ; to which
there was added a r^asfi/xarewj, or register, to make up the number : some-
times they were called NofJK>4>y'X«x££, keepers of the laws, which appella-
tion was taken from their office, being in some things not unlike to that
of our sheriffs, for they were to see malefactors put to execution, and
had the charge of such as were committed to the public prison. They
had also power to seize thieves, kidnappers, and highwaymen, upon sus-
picion ; and if they confessed the fact, to put them to death ; if not, they
were obliged to prosecute them in a judicial way.
$>»X«£xai, were magistrates that presided over the Athenian tribes, one
of which was allotted to each of them. Afterwards this name became
peculiar to a military command ; and the governors of tribes were called
Eff<jAsX»iT*i $uXwv. Their business was to take care of the public trea-
sure which belonged to each tribe, to manage all their concerns, and call
them together to consult, as oft as any thing happened which required
the presence of the whole body.
'fcuXo^ao-iXsfe, seem to have had in most things the same office, with res-
pect to particular tribes, that the BatfiXsug had with respect to the com-
monwealth They were chosen out of the Ey^-ar^ou, or nobility, had
the care of public sacrifices, and other divine worship peculiar to their
respective tribes, and kept their court in the portico called BastflXsiov, and
sometimes in the BsxoXfjiv.
#£ar£'lagxoi, and Tgirrva.g%oi, had in the several Qgctrgiou ami Tgirrves the
same power that the ®h\o^x,ac, exercised over the whole tribe.
Ajj'f/<*£5co/, had the same offices in the A^oi, took care of their reve-
nues, out of which they paid all the duties required of them, assembled
the people in the boroughs under their jurisdiction, all whose names they
had written in a register, and presided at the election of senators and
other magistrates chosen by lots. Sometimes we find them called Uav-
xgagoi, and the boroughs NuxiKgag'ixi, because each of them was obliged, be-
sides two horsemen, to furnish out one ship for the public service.
Ar)|i'a^fl«, were six in chief, but were assisted by thirty inferior officers,
in laying fines upon such as came not to public assembli'el, and making
scrutiny amongst those that were present: such also as were busy in the
market they compelled to leave their buying and selling, and attend on
the public business ; the which they did by the help of the TogoVai, who
(!) Polit. lib. ti. cap. ultimo.
69
to have embezzled the public treasure, or any way injured the common-
wealth by their maladministration. Aristotle (1) tells us they were some-
times called Egerccrai, and sZwyyegoi, and others will have them to be the
same with the Aoyism • but these are by Aristotle said to be distinguish-
ed from them.
CHAP. XIII
OF THE ATHENIAN MAGISTRATES.
01 hSsxa, the eleven, so called from their number, were elected out of
the body of the people, each of the ten tribes sending one ; to which
there was added a r^asfi/xarewj, or register, to make up the number : some-
times they were called NofJK>4>y'X«x££, keepers of the laws, which appella-
tion was taken from their office, being in some things not unlike to that
of our sheriffs, for they were to see malefactors put to execution, and
had the charge of such as were committed to the public prison. They
had also power to seize thieves, kidnappers, and highwaymen, upon sus-
picion ; and if they confessed the fact, to put them to death ; if not, they
were obliged to prosecute them in a judicial way.
$>»X«£xai, were magistrates that presided over the Athenian tribes, one
of which was allotted to each of them. Afterwards this name became
peculiar to a military command ; and the governors of tribes were called
Eff<jAsX»iT*i $uXwv. Their business was to take care of the public trea-
sure which belonged to each tribe, to manage all their concerns, and call
them together to consult, as oft as any thing happened which required
the presence of the whole body.
'fcuXo^ao-iXsfe, seem to have had in most things the same office, with res-
pect to particular tribes, that the BatfiXsug had with respect to the com-
monwealth They were chosen out of the Ey^-ar^ou, or nobility, had
the care of public sacrifices, and other divine worship peculiar to their
respective tribes, and kept their court in the portico called BastflXsiov, and
sometimes in the BsxoXfjiv.
#£ar£'lagxoi, and Tgirrva.g%oi, had in the several Qgctrgiou ami Tgirrves the
same power that the ®h\o^x,ac, exercised over the whole tribe.
Ajj'f/<*£5co/, had the same offices in the A^oi, took care of their reve-
nues, out of which they paid all the duties required of them, assembled
the people in the boroughs under their jurisdiction, all whose names they
had written in a register, and presided at the election of senators and
other magistrates chosen by lots. Sometimes we find them called Uav-
xgagoi, and the boroughs NuxiKgag'ixi, because each of them was obliged, be-
sides two horsemen, to furnish out one ship for the public service.
Ar)|i'a^fl«, were six in chief, but were assisted by thirty inferior officers,
in laying fines upon such as came not to public assembli'el, and making
scrutiny amongst those that were present: such also as were busy in the
market they compelled to leave their buying and selling, and attend on
the public business ; the which they did by the help of the TogoVai, who
(!) Polit. lib. ti. cap. ultimo.