DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.13851#0805
ADDENDA, 69
mg to their appointment, defrayed the expenses of the dithyrambic or cyclian chorus,
or of the a.v\nro>v %opo;, (who danced and sung while a musician played on the flute)
or of the iruppt%iT<Tctt (boys who danced in armour). An enumeration of the different
expenses of the x°fnXtct's g'^f11 by Lysias, Apol. Dorod. 1. and is rendered into Eng-
lish by Bentley, Diss. Phal.p. 360, as follows : " When Theopomptis was archon,
(01. 92. 2.) i was furnisher to a Tragic chorus, and I laid out 30 Mines. Afterwards
I got the victory with the chorus of men, and it cost me 20 mince. When Glaucip-
pus was aichon (Ol. 92. 3.) I laid out 8 mince upon the Pyn aichists. Again I won
the victory with the chorus of men, and with that, and the cnargeof the Trip?;s, I ex-
pended 50 mince. And when Diocles was archon (Ol. 92, 4,) I laid out upon the cy-
clian chorus 3 niiMOE (qu. ?). Afterwards, when Alexias was archon, (Ol. 93, 4,) 1 fur-
nished a chorus of boys, and it cost me above 15 mince. And wheu Euclides was ar-
chon, (Ol. 94, °Z.) f was at the charge ot 16 mince upon the comedians, and of 7 upon
the young Pyrrhichists." Dr. Blomfield supposes that the charge of the cyclian cho-
rus Bently wrote as CCC mince, as it is in Lysias, quoted by Meursius. The printer
changed this into III minaz. rid Museum Criticum, Vol.1, p. 82, el seq. The %op>iyo; of a
chorus of boys was obliged by law to be above the age of forty years. What age was
fixed for the other //pvyoi's uncertain. Another law enacted that no foreigner should
dance in the chorusses under the penalty of 1000 drackmce. to be paid by the X'^y^i
but this referred only to the greater Dionysia ; for at the Lenaean exhibitions it was
lawful to introduce foreign dancers; at the latter festival the /uitoikoi were also Xcpnyot.
Sometimes the expenses of the chorus were voluntarily undertaken by some spirited
individual, as in the case of Demosthenes. So Hesychius, ESsaovtsc. tov; [iouKOfjwovs
X"piyov;: or they were borne by the poet himself, Aristot. Pod. 11. u kzi yip xoPov
xwufflJccv o\i /roTSsJWsv o cip%uv zwiftikcvTut, itrzv. Sometimes the State was X.o$Hyo;,
as appears from an inscription in Spon, Voyage. T. 1, p. 339. Mus. Crit. v.bi supra.
Page 77. " T^/^ttp^cx." " It seems likely," observes Aiitford, speaking of the cus-
tom here alluded to, '• to have been when the poorer many were persuaded to make
the patriotic surrender of their dividends from the silver-mines for building a fleet,
that the wealthier few undertook at their own charge to equip the ship- when built.
There was an apparent fairness and liberality on both sicjes, in such a compromise.
But as the balances of Solon's government were successively overthrown, and the po-
pular will became the instrument of arbitrary power in the hands of the demagogues
of the day, the practice grown into law, for individuals to equip the fleet, degenerated
into a source of grievous oppression. Regulated by no certain principle, the wealthier,
or those reputed wealthy citizens, were annually appointed by arbitrary nomination,
fin the Peloponnesian war to the number of 400) to be responsible from their private
fortunes, some singly, some in partnership with others, for the equipment of a ship of
war. Intrigue and popular favour, or popular displeasure, decided on whom the bur-
then should be light, and whom it should oppress. Yet, whether from a natural sense
of justice or some remaining prejudice in favour of the old Athenian constitution, the
person who equipped the trireme was generally allowed to command it or to name the
commander." Mitford's History of Greece, Vol. 5, p. 18.
"PjiTOfsc." No man was originally admitted to this office till he was forty years
of age : but this rule was abrogated so early as the sixth year of the Pelopon-
nesian war, if not before. For in the Acharnensians of Aristophanes, which was
acted in that year (Cf. Arch. v. 264 et 889.) we find this complaint at v. 679 made of
the Athenians—yipovrAi ±iS~p-M iijlZxkowk ec ypiq>i.s'■Tiro vi'tvurx.w tt.ii x. it a.y 1x^/760.1
pvropav. In process of time these orators were elevated above the archons, and armed
with a virtual controul over the legislative department of the state, as we learn from
the second Olynthiac oration of Demosthenes, sect. 8 : " to fj.it 7rpo>Toy o Ph/jos <fiT7ror»i
<tw 7raKtTtvoiXivesiv jiv x.a.1 x-vptoe ivto; *7r'/vrasv Ta>v v.yi&0i>v vvv cfe ronvavrlcv, xvptot fj.it raiy
ayvAccv ot 7roKtriuouivot Cseil. (mips;) x.tl efix tovtosv. liravra. 7rpzrTiTa.i. They were fre-
qu ntly promoted to some regular officiaj rank, as presidents over the exchequer, and
ambassadors to foreign powers. Their character always laboured, and generally with
justice, under the most shameful imputations. Aristophanes in his Plutus, v. 30. ranks
them with sacrilegious robbers, false informers and public malefactors. There was
generally a league between the a-t^a.rnyot and puropa, that the measures concerted by
both, should be executed by the one, and defended by the other. In the first Olyn-
thiac, Demosthenes says, 'Tt/iav Hyifxmv ix^npeev, xxt o-Tpctrnyo; v7ro Towrcf, ot 0on8»-
ca.fj.ivoi ct rpiocKOTtoi." The venal orator and the plundering general, joined as natu-
rally together as the lion and the jackall: hence their wealth was frequently enor-
mous. Demosthenes, himSelf ap»T&>g, thus violently attacks them. Olyn. II : <vc «*
mi at. mceyciov Trxovrtot yiyoviaiv. ot tT' g| ittTo^ftiv, fV'r/ftor mot <Ts ?«c /if/at? oini<t( Tac
98
mg to their appointment, defrayed the expenses of the dithyrambic or cyclian chorus,
or of the a.v\nro>v %opo;, (who danced and sung while a musician played on the flute)
or of the iruppt%iT<Tctt (boys who danced in armour). An enumeration of the different
expenses of the x°fnXtct's g'^f11 by Lysias, Apol. Dorod. 1. and is rendered into Eng-
lish by Bentley, Diss. Phal.p. 360, as follows : " When Theopomptis was archon,
(01. 92. 2.) i was furnisher to a Tragic chorus, and I laid out 30 Mines. Afterwards
I got the victory with the chorus of men, and it cost me 20 mince. When Glaucip-
pus was aichon (Ol. 92. 3.) I laid out 8 mince upon the Pyn aichists. Again I won
the victory with the chorus of men, and with that, and the cnargeof the Trip?;s, I ex-
pended 50 mince. And when Diocles was archon (Ol. 92, 4,) I laid out upon the cy-
clian chorus 3 niiMOE (qu. ?). Afterwards, when Alexias was archon, (Ol. 93, 4,) 1 fur-
nished a chorus of boys, and it cost me above 15 mince. And wheu Euclides was ar-
chon, (Ol. 94, °Z.) f was at the charge ot 16 mince upon the comedians, and of 7 upon
the young Pyrrhichists." Dr. Blomfield supposes that the charge of the cyclian cho-
rus Bently wrote as CCC mince, as it is in Lysias, quoted by Meursius. The printer
changed this into III minaz. rid Museum Criticum, Vol.1, p. 82, el seq. The %op>iyo; of a
chorus of boys was obliged by law to be above the age of forty years. What age was
fixed for the other //pvyoi's uncertain. Another law enacted that no foreigner should
dance in the chorusses under the penalty of 1000 drackmce. to be paid by the X'^y^i
but this referred only to the greater Dionysia ; for at the Lenaean exhibitions it was
lawful to introduce foreign dancers; at the latter festival the /uitoikoi were also Xcpnyot.
Sometimes the expenses of the chorus were voluntarily undertaken by some spirited
individual, as in the case of Demosthenes. So Hesychius, ESsaovtsc. tov; [iouKOfjwovs
X"piyov;: or they were borne by the poet himself, Aristot. Pod. 11. u kzi yip xoPov
xwufflJccv o\i /roTSsJWsv o cip%uv zwiftikcvTut, itrzv. Sometimes the State was X.o$Hyo;,
as appears from an inscription in Spon, Voyage. T. 1, p. 339. Mus. Crit. v.bi supra.
Page 77. " T^/^ttp^cx." " It seems likely," observes Aiitford, speaking of the cus-
tom here alluded to, '• to have been when the poorer many were persuaded to make
the patriotic surrender of their dividends from the silver-mines for building a fleet,
that the wealthier few undertook at their own charge to equip the ship- when built.
There was an apparent fairness and liberality on both sicjes, in such a compromise.
But as the balances of Solon's government were successively overthrown, and the po-
pular will became the instrument of arbitrary power in the hands of the demagogues
of the day, the practice grown into law, for individuals to equip the fleet, degenerated
into a source of grievous oppression. Regulated by no certain principle, the wealthier,
or those reputed wealthy citizens, were annually appointed by arbitrary nomination,
fin the Peloponnesian war to the number of 400) to be responsible from their private
fortunes, some singly, some in partnership with others, for the equipment of a ship of
war. Intrigue and popular favour, or popular displeasure, decided on whom the bur-
then should be light, and whom it should oppress. Yet, whether from a natural sense
of justice or some remaining prejudice in favour of the old Athenian constitution, the
person who equipped the trireme was generally allowed to command it or to name the
commander." Mitford's History of Greece, Vol. 5, p. 18.
"PjiTOfsc." No man was originally admitted to this office till he was forty years
of age : but this rule was abrogated so early as the sixth year of the Pelopon-
nesian war, if not before. For in the Acharnensians of Aristophanes, which was
acted in that year (Cf. Arch. v. 264 et 889.) we find this complaint at v. 679 made of
the Athenians—yipovrAi ±iS~p-M iijlZxkowk ec ypiq>i.s'■Tiro vi'tvurx.w tt.ii x. it a.y 1x^/760.1
pvropav. In process of time these orators were elevated above the archons, and armed
with a virtual controul over the legislative department of the state, as we learn from
the second Olynthiac oration of Demosthenes, sect. 8 : " to fj.it 7rpo>Toy o Ph/jos <fiT7ror»i
<tw 7raKtTtvoiXivesiv jiv x.a.1 x-vptoe ivto; *7r'/vrasv Ta>v v.yi&0i>v vvv cfe ronvavrlcv, xvptot fj.it raiy
ayvAccv ot 7roKtriuouivot Cseil. (mips;) x.tl efix tovtosv. liravra. 7rpzrTiTa.i. They were fre-
qu ntly promoted to some regular officiaj rank, as presidents over the exchequer, and
ambassadors to foreign powers. Their character always laboured, and generally with
justice, under the most shameful imputations. Aristophanes in his Plutus, v. 30. ranks
them with sacrilegious robbers, false informers and public malefactors. There was
generally a league between the a-t^a.rnyot and puropa, that the measures concerted by
both, should be executed by the one, and defended by the other. In the first Olyn-
thiac, Demosthenes says, 'Tt/iav Hyifxmv ix^npeev, xxt o-Tpctrnyo; v7ro Towrcf, ot 0on8»-
ca.fj.ivoi ct rpiocKOTtoi." The venal orator and the plundering general, joined as natu-
rally together as the lion and the jackall: hence their wealth was frequently enor-
mous. Demosthenes, himSelf ap»T&>g, thus violently attacks them. Olyn. II : <vc «*
mi at. mceyciov Trxovrtot yiyoviaiv. ot tT' g| ittTo^ftiv, fV'r/ftor mot <Ts ?«c /if/at? oini<t( Tac
98