Ramsay, William Mitchell: The cities and bishoprics of Phrygia: being an essay of the local history of Phrygia from the earliest time to the Turkish conquest (Band 1,1): The Lycos Valley and South-Western Phrygia (Oxford, 1895)

THE LOCAL HISTORY OF PHRYGIA

CHAPTER I

THE LYCOS VALLEY

§1. The Gate ofPlirygiap. i. §2. Scenery of the Lycos Valley p. 3. §3. The
Two Valleys p. 4. § 4. Ethnology p. 6. § 5. Primitive History and Religion
p. 7. § G. Greek Influence and Colonies p. 9. § 7. The Roman and Byzan-
tine Periods p. 11. § 8. The Turkish Conquest 1071-1118 p. 15. § 9. The Turkish
Conquest 1118-1178 p. 18. § 10. The Turkish Conquest 1178-1210 p. 22. § 11.
The Turkish Conquest 1210-1306 p. 24. § 12. The Triumph of Mohammedanism
p. 25. § 13. Modern and Ancient Anatolia p. 28.

§ 1. The Gate op Pheygia. The traveller who ascends the broad
and fertile Maeander valleyx observes that, as he advances, the valley
gradually becomes narrower, until he comes opposite Antioch, at the
mouth of a glen through which the Dandalo-Tchai2 (ancient Morsynos)
flows from the south to join the larger river. Here the Tchibuk-Dagh,
a range of hills bounding the Dandalo valley on the east, projects
far up towards the north until it leaves a pass, hardly a mile broad3,
for the Maeander to traverse. Entering this pass we cross the frontier
of Phrygia, as it was reckoned in the Byzantine period, though in older

1 The road and the railway follow the triet (muduiiilc). Geira (Aphrodisias) is
north hank almost up to the Lycos on this river near its source, p. 186 n.
junction. The traveller now uses the 3 It appears narrower by contrast
railway, and receives a far less vivid with the western valley; and the eye
impression than we did as we rode up is apt to he deceived in the clear almo-
in October 1881. sphere. The maps make it fully two

2 Called Kara-Su by Kiepert. Kara- miles wide, but I think this can hardly
Su is a town on one of its western be correct.

affluents, and also a governmental dis-

VOL. I. B