DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.4679#0305
1. KERETAPA-DIOCAESAREIA. 279
each side, forming a narrow gorge through which the river forces its
way into the plain of lake Askania (Bulclur Gol). See pp. 309, 317 f.
Although the three villages just named are the largest in the
extremely fertile upper end of the valley, yet there are in it some
other villages of considerable size, especially Gebren, at the source
of the northern branch of the river near Keretapa. The name Lysis
in ancient time seems to have been given to the southern branch,
which rises near Lagoe (see p. 267). The meeting of the two branches
forms the main river, Lysis or Gebren-Tchai.
If we identify (as seems necessary) Pliny's Gyttanicus with Strabo's
YLlW&viov, the only district that satisfies both passages is this great
valley of the Lysis, the Gebren-Ova. Gebren has every appearance
of being an ancient name; and Prof. G. Hirschfeld has even assumed
that it represents an otherwise unknown ancient town Kebrenel.
But Strabo knew of a town Killana in the Killanian plain. Now
Gebren naturally goes back to an old Pisidian name Kivrana or
Kivlana, and Kivlana would fully explain the grecized forms Killana
and Cyllanicus. Thus in ancient and in modern times alike the little
town Kivlana-Gebren gave its name to the river-valley Gebren-Ova.
See also p. 285 n.
The remaining inscribed stones 109-11 at Gebren give no informa-
tion as to the history of the town. They are similar in style to those
of the Ormelian country, and include dedications to Poseidon and
Apollo. Chronology was reckoned both by a priesthood and by an
era, whose beginning is uncertain, but is probably 85-4 B.C. In every
respect they must be classed along with the group of inscriptions
which will be treated in §§ ^-^; and this small town may have actually
formed part of the great group of Milyadic or Killanian estates, which,
as we shall see, occupied the upper end of Gebren-Ova. This upper
end forms a district by itself, which we shall hereafter designate as
the Tefeni valley after the chief town (the seat of a kaimmakam).
Tefeni seems to imply the form Is-tefani ('lo-re^di/ov), showing that
the town took the name of Stephen, to whom we may understand that
its church had been dedicated. Kiepert in the text to his latest map
of Asia Provincia identifies Tefeni with Temenos2. I do not see
much probability in this derivation; but otherwise the suggestion is
1 Berl. Monatsber. 1879 P- 323> es *& two initial consonants is common in
schiver, in dem modernen Namen eine Phrygia and Pisidia in proper names :
antilce Kebrene zu verkennen; dbgleich the fullest collection of examples is by
siefiirdiese Gegencl nicht uberliefert ist. Mordtmann in Ath. Mitth. 1890 p. 160.
2 17 iv Tr^eVi nokis subject to Cibyra, The form may also be explained by the
Polyb. XXII 17, 11. Prothetic 1 before prepositionfis2rf<^u(/ou(7rd\i"). Seep.303.
each side, forming a narrow gorge through which the river forces its
way into the plain of lake Askania (Bulclur Gol). See pp. 309, 317 f.
Although the three villages just named are the largest in the
extremely fertile upper end of the valley, yet there are in it some
other villages of considerable size, especially Gebren, at the source
of the northern branch of the river near Keretapa. The name Lysis
in ancient time seems to have been given to the southern branch,
which rises near Lagoe (see p. 267). The meeting of the two branches
forms the main river, Lysis or Gebren-Tchai.
If we identify (as seems necessary) Pliny's Gyttanicus with Strabo's
YLlW&viov, the only district that satisfies both passages is this great
valley of the Lysis, the Gebren-Ova. Gebren has every appearance
of being an ancient name; and Prof. G. Hirschfeld has even assumed
that it represents an otherwise unknown ancient town Kebrenel.
But Strabo knew of a town Killana in the Killanian plain. Now
Gebren naturally goes back to an old Pisidian name Kivrana or
Kivlana, and Kivlana would fully explain the grecized forms Killana
and Cyllanicus. Thus in ancient and in modern times alike the little
town Kivlana-Gebren gave its name to the river-valley Gebren-Ova.
See also p. 285 n.
The remaining inscribed stones 109-11 at Gebren give no informa-
tion as to the history of the town. They are similar in style to those
of the Ormelian country, and include dedications to Poseidon and
Apollo. Chronology was reckoned both by a priesthood and by an
era, whose beginning is uncertain, but is probably 85-4 B.C. In every
respect they must be classed along with the group of inscriptions
which will be treated in §§ ^-^; and this small town may have actually
formed part of the great group of Milyadic or Killanian estates, which,
as we shall see, occupied the upper end of Gebren-Ova. This upper
end forms a district by itself, which we shall hereafter designate as
the Tefeni valley after the chief town (the seat of a kaimmakam).
Tefeni seems to imply the form Is-tefani ('lo-re^di/ov), showing that
the town took the name of Stephen, to whom we may understand that
its church had been dedicated. Kiepert in the text to his latest map
of Asia Provincia identifies Tefeni with Temenos2. I do not see
much probability in this derivation; but otherwise the suggestion is
1 Berl. Monatsber. 1879 P- 323> es *& two initial consonants is common in
schiver, in dem modernen Namen eine Phrygia and Pisidia in proper names :
antilce Kebrene zu verkennen; dbgleich the fullest collection of examples is by
siefiirdiese Gegencl nicht uberliefert ist. Mordtmann in Ath. Mitth. 1890 p. 160.
2 17 iv Tr^eVi nokis subject to Cibyra, The form may also be explained by the
Polyb. XXII 17, 11. Prothetic 1 before prepositionfis2rf<^u(/ou(7rd\i"). Seep.303.