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15. LEONNAIA OR LEONNA. 599

by that time beginning to feel their approach. On the other hand it
is clear that the Pentapolis was reserved for the Byzantine empire in
the shameful arrangement made with the Turks about 1072, and that
in 1092 direct communication between Akroenos (Alion-Kara-Hissar)
and Siblia was still open through the Pentapolis (see ch. XVI § 9);
and in such circumstances Banaz-Ova must also have been in Byzan-
tine hands.

The vast undulating plain is peculiarly suited for nomadic life, and
badly suited for civilized life, hence the ancient names, and probably
the ancient population, have almost completely disappeared (except
on the skirts, Burgas, Sebaste, perhaps Geveze p. 31, Dumanli and
Boudaili p. 575).

Notes, i. The Mokkadenoi were on the N.W. frontier of Phrygia, according
to Ptolemy, quoted p. 664 (reckoning the country N. from Mt. Dindymos as not
Phrygian, Hist. Geogr. pp. 145 f). Temenothyrai was a town of the Mokadenoi
BCH 1895 P- 557 ! and the Mokaddenoi extended as far W. as the hot springs on
the Hermos, 2 hrs. N.E. from Koula (see inscr. badly published Ath. Mitth. 1896
p. Il6, where read iv Bepji[ms] G^o-eas-, Kafir] T-ijr MoK.a\p$r}vav (yijr)] ; the copy has
MOK AAA). In giving the Mokkadenoi to Phrygia, Ptolemy may appear hardly
consistent with himself in V 2, 15, where he assigns the Grimenotkyritai (between
Ushak and Islam-Keui) to Mysia; but it is clear that he took that people as inhabit-
ing Mt. Dindymos with its glens and its S. slopes down to Trajanopolis (Giaour-
Euren), while Mokkadenoi, Moxianio, and Kidyesseis dwell along N. frontier of
Phrygia. See p. 664.

2. Before reading M. Radet En Plirygie, I intended to place Alia conjecturally
on the upper course of Banaz-Tchai (which I have not explored), as indicated on
the map and in Hist. Geogr. p. 138 (as possible alternative). Islam-Keui would then
be a village of Akmonia.
 
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