DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.20140#0161
VIII. DECREASE OF TEMPERATURE WITH HEIGHT
IN THE TROPICS.
Decrease between various Stations. Influence of the form of the ground.
Decrease in the free Air. Use of the barometrical formulae for its determination. Example on the Parisnath Hill
Decrease next to the Surface. At sea on deck and on the foretop. Over tropical soil.
Comparison oe Indian Heights with European Climate.
DECREASE BETWEEN VARIOUS STATIONS.
The influence of height is an element of general importance for all meteorological
phenomena; in reference to temperature its effect is to produce a decrease—the tem-
porary accumulation of cold air in valleys excepted—and this decrease is very variable
with the form of the ground and with the seasons. For the Indian territories in
particular it is of practical importance for the selection of stations, settlements, and
sanitaria; in the analysis of the meteorological materials it must guide us in com-
paring the different parts of India, independently of the accidental height of the
observer's residence, and for drawing finally the general isothermal lines.
Slight undulations of the ground, as well as moderate elevations of a very great
surface,1 cause but little decrease; it becomes the more rapid the more the form of
the higher point approaches an isolated position in the free air. In mountain systems
of great extent, such already as in the Alps, and much more still in those of High
Asia, to the north of India, the decrease becomes materially modified by the topo-
graphical conditions. (These shall be analysed later, in special connection with the
various parts of High-Asia.)
1 This becomes very evident, too, when we come to compare the "subterraneous isothermal lines," showing
the temperature of those strata of the soil which must be considered as participating still in the variation of the
external conditions.
IV. 18
IN THE TROPICS.
Decrease between various Stations. Influence of the form of the ground.
Decrease in the free Air. Use of the barometrical formulae for its determination. Example on the Parisnath Hill
Decrease next to the Surface. At sea on deck and on the foretop. Over tropical soil.
Comparison oe Indian Heights with European Climate.
DECREASE BETWEEN VARIOUS STATIONS.
The influence of height is an element of general importance for all meteorological
phenomena; in reference to temperature its effect is to produce a decrease—the tem-
porary accumulation of cold air in valleys excepted—and this decrease is very variable
with the form of the ground and with the seasons. For the Indian territories in
particular it is of practical importance for the selection of stations, settlements, and
sanitaria; in the analysis of the meteorological materials it must guide us in com-
paring the different parts of India, independently of the accidental height of the
observer's residence, and for drawing finally the general isothermal lines.
Slight undulations of the ground, as well as moderate elevations of a very great
surface,1 cause but little decrease; it becomes the more rapid the more the form of
the higher point approaches an isolated position in the free air. In mountain systems
of great extent, such already as in the Alps, and much more still in those of High
Asia, to the north of India, the decrease becomes materially modified by the topo-
graphical conditions. (These shall be analysed later, in special connection with the
various parts of High-Asia.)
1 This becomes very evident, too, when we come to compare the "subterraneous isothermal lines," showing
the temperature of those strata of the soil which must be considered as participating still in the variation of the
external conditions.
IV. 18