DOI Artikel:
Mukhiddinov, Ikromiddin: Traditional tilling implements utilized by the Pamir nationalities: in the 19th and early 20th centuries
DOI Seite / Zitierlink:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.49000#0234
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I. MUKHIDDINOV
Fig. 8a, b. Metal share for an ard, front view (a) (Ishkashim, Kishlak Ryn); side view (b), a wooden wedge
fana is seen driven into the mortise of the ard head above the beam.
Metallschar eines Bodenbaugerats, Vorderansicht (a) (Ishkashim, Kishlak Ryn); Seitenansicht (b), ein
hblzerner Keil, Fann, wurde, wie man sieht, in die Nut des Hakenhauptes oberhalb des Grindels
eingetrieben.
broadest one faces the ploughman, there are
two narrow lateral ones, and two make a slope
from the central edge, the slope continuing on
the sole surface. The planes of the slope sur-
face are used for throwing off the soil to the
right and the left. The lower edge of the sole
and the top of the ard head are hewn relatively
thinner. At the lower part of the ard head
nearer to the bend a round mortise is made
into which the beam is fitted (in the main,
without additional wedges). The diameter of
the front edge of the mortise is less than the
diameter of the rear edge to prevent the beam
from slipping out. The stilt, 5 cm from the
top, has a hole into which the handle, mytik
(meithk) , of haft is fixed (see fig-4). The
working position of the handle is backwards.
We have observed with the Pamir nationali-
ties, the Tajiks from the West Pamirs, Kulyab,
Hissar, and Darvaz, that the tiller sometimes
holds the upper edge of the stilt, but not the
handle (see fig. 9,10). When the tiller reaches
the edge of the field and turns the tilling imp-
lement, he holds the handle, mytik.
The materials obtained during field expedi-
tions, as well as the printed sources, show that
the stilt of the tilling implement used by the
Pamir nationalities was a natural continuation
of the ard head. It is one of the indications of
the antiquity of this tilling implement type
(Krasnov 1975,65).
In the 19th century the stilt already had an
inserted handle. If we compare the ancient
shapes of the implement of this type (the ard
depicted on the Simferopol’ column) we can
assume that the handle for the tilling imple-
ments amongst the Pamir nationalities is of
much later origin, but in ancient times, judg-
I. MUKHIDDINOV
Fig. 8a, b. Metal share for an ard, front view (a) (Ishkashim, Kishlak Ryn); side view (b), a wooden wedge
fana is seen driven into the mortise of the ard head above the beam.
Metallschar eines Bodenbaugerats, Vorderansicht (a) (Ishkashim, Kishlak Ryn); Seitenansicht (b), ein
hblzerner Keil, Fann, wurde, wie man sieht, in die Nut des Hakenhauptes oberhalb des Grindels
eingetrieben.
broadest one faces the ploughman, there are
two narrow lateral ones, and two make a slope
from the central edge, the slope continuing on
the sole surface. The planes of the slope sur-
face are used for throwing off the soil to the
right and the left. The lower edge of the sole
and the top of the ard head are hewn relatively
thinner. At the lower part of the ard head
nearer to the bend a round mortise is made
into which the beam is fitted (in the main,
without additional wedges). The diameter of
the front edge of the mortise is less than the
diameter of the rear edge to prevent the beam
from slipping out. The stilt, 5 cm from the
top, has a hole into which the handle, mytik
(meithk) , of haft is fixed (see fig-4). The
working position of the handle is backwards.
We have observed with the Pamir nationali-
ties, the Tajiks from the West Pamirs, Kulyab,
Hissar, and Darvaz, that the tiller sometimes
holds the upper edge of the stilt, but not the
handle (see fig. 9,10). When the tiller reaches
the edge of the field and turns the tilling imp-
lement, he holds the handle, mytik.
The materials obtained during field expedi-
tions, as well as the printed sources, show that
the stilt of the tilling implement used by the
Pamir nationalities was a natural continuation
of the ard head. It is one of the indications of
the antiquity of this tilling implement type
(Krasnov 1975,65).
In the 19th century the stilt already had an
inserted handle. If we compare the ancient
shapes of the implement of this type (the ard
depicted on the Simferopol’ column) we can
assume that the handle for the tilling imple-
ments amongst the Pamir nationalities is of
much later origin, but in ancient times, judg-