544
Zeus Ombrios
associated Bactrian rulers, Agathokles and Pantaleon. Agathokles
has for reverse design Zeus holding Hekate as a torch-bearer on
his extended right hand and leaning on a spear with his left
(fig. 361)1. Pantaleon has Zeus holding the same Hekate and
leaning on the same spear, but seated on a throne (fig. 3^2) '
Now the combination of Zeus with Hekate, though occasionally
met with in the classical area3, is hardly to be explained fr°lT1
Greek sources4. It is far more likely that we have here to do wit
the Hellenised version of a native Indian cult. Indra as a storm
god controlled both fire and water. Fire in the Vedic religi°n lS
Agni, and according to the Qatapatha Brdhmana5 Agni had thiee
Fig. 362.
61).
1 Brit. Mus. Cat. Corns Greek and Scythic Kings p. 10 pi. 4, 4 (~~ m^_, ^v>ri<!ge
cp. ib. pi. 4, 5 drachm, G. Macdonald in The Cambridge History of India
1922 i. 449, 464 pi. 3, 6. G tfiic-
2 Brit. Mas. Cat. Coins Greek and Scythic Kings pi. 30, 4 ( = my fig. 362''
donald in The Cambridge History of India Cambridge 1922 i. 449, 465 p« 3> 7^[s])'
3 Supra i. 141 f. fig. 106 (double rock-cut throne on Chalke, inscribed Ac5s- ' ^ Tfjs
ii. 714 n. 3 (inscription at Stratonikeia honouring (l)ep£a tov Ha[va/J.dpov > „roll/ott1lS
'Eiarnjs t(i})s (d)atdotp6pov), ii. 835 n. 6, 838 (inscription at Rome by sacerdus del
et Aecate (sic)).
4 Supra i. 543 n. 1 Zeus and Hekate as parents of Britomartis (?)• Egge''n^
5 Catapatha Brahmana 1. 2. 3. if. {The Satapatha-Brdhmana trans. J-^ ffas
Part ({The Sacred Books of the East xii) Oxford 1882 p. 47) : ' I. Fourfold, na ^ feilf
Agni (fire) at first...[id. 1. 3. 3. 13 ff. relates that the three former Agnis e ^ ^
of the thunderbolt] Thereupon the one who still constitutes the fire in °atcoveted &
concealed himself from fear. He entered into the waters. Him the gods ^L^^ga
brought forcibly away from the waters. He spat upon the waters, saying, ^ rfj} ■
ye who are an unsafe place of refuge, from whom they take me away agaws
Zeus Ombrios
associated Bactrian rulers, Agathokles and Pantaleon. Agathokles
has for reverse design Zeus holding Hekate as a torch-bearer on
his extended right hand and leaning on a spear with his left
(fig. 361)1. Pantaleon has Zeus holding the same Hekate and
leaning on the same spear, but seated on a throne (fig. 3^2) '
Now the combination of Zeus with Hekate, though occasionally
met with in the classical area3, is hardly to be explained fr°lT1
Greek sources4. It is far more likely that we have here to do wit
the Hellenised version of a native Indian cult. Indra as a storm
god controlled both fire and water. Fire in the Vedic religi°n lS
Agni, and according to the Qatapatha Brdhmana5 Agni had thiee
Fig. 362.
61).
1 Brit. Mus. Cat. Corns Greek and Scythic Kings p. 10 pi. 4, 4 (~~ m^_, ^v>ri<!ge
cp. ib. pi. 4, 5 drachm, G. Macdonald in The Cambridge History of India
1922 i. 449, 464 pi. 3, 6. G tfiic-
2 Brit. Mas. Cat. Coins Greek and Scythic Kings pi. 30, 4 ( = my fig. 362''
donald in The Cambridge History of India Cambridge 1922 i. 449, 465 p« 3> 7^[s])'
3 Supra i. 141 f. fig. 106 (double rock-cut throne on Chalke, inscribed Ac5s- ' ^ Tfjs
ii. 714 n. 3 (inscription at Stratonikeia honouring (l)ep£a tov Ha[va/J.dpov > „roll/ott1lS
'Eiarnjs t(i})s (d)atdotp6pov), ii. 835 n. 6, 838 (inscription at Rome by sacerdus del
et Aecate (sic)).
4 Supra i. 543 n. 1 Zeus and Hekate as parents of Britomartis (?)• Egge''n^
5 Catapatha Brahmana 1. 2. 3. if. {The Satapatha-Brdhmana trans. J-^ ffas
Part ({The Sacred Books of the East xii) Oxford 1882 p. 47) : ' I. Fourfold, na ^ feilf
Agni (fire) at first...[id. 1. 3. 3. 13 ff. relates that the three former Agnis e ^ ^
of the thunderbolt] Thereupon the one who still constitutes the fire in °atcoveted &
concealed himself from fear. He entered into the waters. Him the gods ^L^^ga
brought forcibly away from the waters. He spat upon the waters, saying, ^ rfj} ■
ye who are an unsafe place of refuge, from whom they take me away agaws