Novensia: Studia i Materiały (12.2000)

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Resume

Excavations in the rear rangę of administrative rooms of the principia atNovae exposed a hypocaust
which had been installed in Room Bw along its east and south walls probably in phase III 2 (3rd century
A.D.). The subfloor of the hypocaust was found covered with a layer of ashy soil 10 to 20 cm thick
which may relate to the period of use of the heating system. Above this deposit there was in the central
section a densely-packed rubble with broken roof-tiles, mortar and plaster. The hypocaust had probably
collapsed only there. The debris produced not a single bipedalis and so morę probably derived from
accidental roof-fall followed by a controlled dismantlement action during which most of the floor-flags
were carefully retrieved and the hypocaust was filled by a dump of rubble. An insubstantial floor of
dirty yellow-brown loess mixed with lumps of pinky mortar was laid on the levelled debris and earth
infilling of the hypocaust. The earth filling and rubble in the hypocaust cellar yielded eighteen bronze
coins ranging from A.D. 253-260 to A.D. 313-314. Together with some other coins found on the
preserved suspensura, of which the latest is an Urbs Roma A.D. 330-336, they provide the basis to
datę the roof-fall and partial dismantlement of the heat floor to the late fourth century.
Fourty two complete and about two hundred seventy broken pottery flasks occured throughout
the upper half of the rubble in the central part of the hypocaust. They can be divided into two types:
the first one (approx. 77 flasks) with high necks and truncated (variant A) or rounded rims (variant
B) and the second one with short necks (approx. 239 flasks). The flasks were madę of light-brown (type
I: 67; type II: 12) and gray clay (type I: 10; type II: 227). No parallels could have been found among
the pottery finds from Novae and other Lower Danubian sites. Some defective fragments point out that
we have to deal with a local production. The flasks of both types were probably of short life-span and
were used as drinking vessels. At the moment it is not possible to detect any connection between the
fmd from Novae and the provision system in the Tatę Roman army.

Ci»z];i>p)KaHHe

Ido BpeMe Ha patKonKHTe b 3atHOTO kphjio Ha principia e Snjia OTKprrra XHnoKaycTHa Masa
nocTpoeHa b noMemeHne Bw HannpaBtonotoSHO b (})a3a III 2 (III b. H.e.). IIotOBaTa HacTHJiKa Ha
Ma3aTa e Snna noKpHTa c ntacT ot nactK h neneji c BHCOHHHa ot 10 to 20 cm. flo-Harope e te>Kat
njiacT ot ot/iomkh ctctojhu ce ot HaTporuenH KepeMHtn, xopocaH h Bap. Tbh KaTO b Hero He ca
otkphth HHKaKBH TyxnH ot BHta bipedalis, MO>Ke ta cbjjHM, ne ce e nojiynuji b pe3yjrraT Ha cpyTBaHe
Ha noKpuBa, b cjietcTBHe Ha KoeTO, rmpBO ca Shjih teMOHTnpaHH notoBHTe nnoHH h nacr ot TyxtHTe
Ha no^nopHHTe CTbJiSoBe (pilae), a nocne Ma3aTa e Snjia 3acnnBaHa. HoBaTa HacTHJiKa e 6njia cjioh
ot MptceH naci.K h pa3tpoSeH po30B xopocaH. B Ma3aTa ca otkphth 18 6poH30BH MOHeTH ot
HHTepBajia 253-260 to 313-314 r. H.e. 3aetHO c MOHeTHTe otkphth Ha (JiparMeHTH ot opnrHHajiHaTa
notOBa HacTHJiKa (suspensura) Ha noMemeHneTO, hh taBaT Bi>3MO>KHOCTTa ta onpeteJiHM taTaTa Ha
nataHe Ha noKpHBa h nacTHHHOTO cpyTBaHe Ha Ma3aTa Ha Kpaa Ha IV b.
B ropHaTa nacT Ha nnacTa ot otjiomkh b cpetaTa Ha Ma3aTa ca Shjih otkphth 42 uejiH h okojto
270 nacTHHHO 3ana3eHH rtnuenn SymiiKH. /JejuiT ce na tBaTHna: nTpBHfl (okojio 77 6yT.) c bhcokh
rbpna h TjrjTOBaTH (BapnaHT A) hjih 3aKpT.rneHH (BapnaHT B) nyuypH h BTopna c hhckh rtpjia (oKOto
239 OyTHtKH). ByTHJTKHTe ca 6hjih H3pa6oTeHH ot CBeTJioKa(|)flBa (™n I: 67, THn II: 12) h CHBa rjiHHa
(™n I: 10, THn II: 227). flo to3h momcht He hh e H3BecTHa HHKaKBa aHanorna hhto b KepaMHHHHa
MaTepnan ot HoBe, hhto ot ocTaHaaHTe tojmotyHaBCKH MecTHOCTH. Hhkojiko ot (JiparMeHTHTe hh
notcxa3BaT, ne e CbitecTByBana MecTHa npotyKHHH. ByTHtKHTe ca Shjih H3noji3BaHH 3a nneHe
h BtnpeKH, ne e Shjio bb3mo>kho MHoroKpaTHOTO hm H3noa3BaHe, BepoHTHO ca Shjih TpeTHpaHH
KaTO cbtOBe 3a KpaTKOTpaHHa ynoTpeSa.